Канал: Econoday

UP 333 - Cautious rate cuts to characterise 2025

UP 333 - Cautious rate cuts to characterise 2025

Consumer Price Index December 11 #inflation #cpi #economy

Consumer Price Index December 11 #inflation #cpi #economy

Employment Situation December 6 #employment #economy #wagegrowth

Employment Situation December 6 #employment #economy #wagegrowth

Consumer Price Index November 13 #economy #inflation #economicdata

Consumer Price Index November 13 #economy #inflation #economicdata

UP 333 - After the U.S. election: Global economic outlook

UP 333 - After the U.S. election: Global economic outlook

New Home Sales October 24 #economy #housingmarket #realestate #housing

New Home Sales October 24 #economy #housingmarket #realestate #housing

Existing Home Sales October 23 #economy #mortgage #housingmarket #housing

Existing Home Sales October 23 #economy #mortgage #housingmarket #housing

CPI October 10 #economy #inflation #economicdata

CPI October 10 #economy #inflation #economicdata

2025 Econoday Economic Journal

2025 Econoday Economic Journal

UP 332 - Monetary easing – A faster return to neutral?

UP 332 - Monetary easing – A faster return to neutral?

Employment Situation October 4 #economy #employment #economicdata

Employment Situation October 4 #economy #employment #economicdata

Personal Income August 30 #economy #PersonalIncome #ConsumerSpending #Wages

Personal Income August 30 #economy #PersonalIncome #ConsumerSpending #Wages

New Home Sales August 23 #economy #housingmarket #homesales #economicdata

New Home Sales August 23 #economy #housingmarket #homesales #economicdata

Existing Home Sales August 22 #economy #housingmarket #homesales #economicdata

Existing Home Sales August 22 #economy #housingmarket #homesales #economicdata

UP 331 - Hard, soft or no landing at all?

UP 331 - Hard, soft or no landing at all?

Consumer Price Index August 14 #inflation #economy #cpi

Consumer Price Index August 14 #inflation #economy #cpi

Employment Situation August 2 #economy #employment #jobs #payrollemployment #economicdata

Employment Situation August 2 #economy #employment #jobs #payrollemployment #economicdata

ADP Employment Report July 31 #economy #employment #jobs

ADP Employment Report July 31 #economy #employment #jobs

Durable Goods Orders July 25 #economy #manufacturing #FactorySector #economicdata

Durable Goods Orders July 25 #economy #manufacturing #FactorySector #economicdata

New Home Sales July 24 #economy #housingmarket #homesales #economicdata

New Home Sales July 24 #economy #housingmarket #homesales #economicdata

Existing Home Sales July 23 #economy #homesales #economicdata #housingmarket

Existing Home Sales July 23 #economy #homesales #economicdata #housingmarket

UP 330 - Prices still dominate politics

UP 330 - Prices still dominate politics

Housing Market Index July 16 #economy #housingmarket #homesales #economicdata

Housing Market Index July 16 #economy #housingmarket #homesales #economicdata

CPI July 11 #economy #inflation #economicdata #cpi #prices #economicindicators

CPI July 11 #economy #inflation #economicdata #cpi #prices #economicindicators

Employment Situation July 5 #economy #employment #jobs #nonfarmpayrolls

Employment Situation July 5 #economy #employment #jobs #nonfarmpayrolls

JOLTS July 2 #economy #employment #economicdata #economicindicators

JOLTS July 2 #economy #employment #economicdata #economicindicators

New Home Sales Jun 26 #economy #housingmarket #homesales #economicdata

New Home Sales Jun 26 #economy #housingmarket #homesales #economicdata

Existing Home Sales June 21 #economy #housingmarket #homesales #economicdata

Existing Home Sales June 21 #economy #housingmarket #homesales #economicdata

UP 329 - ECB cut pre-empts any Fed move

UP 329 - ECB cut pre-empts any Fed move

New Home Sales May 23 #economy #housingmarket #homesales #economicindicators

New Home Sales May 23 #economy #housingmarket #homesales #economicindicators

Existing Home Sales May22 #economy #housingmarket #economicdata #homesales

Existing Home Sales May22 #economy #housingmarket #economicdata #homesales

UP 328 - Global economic round-up

UP 328 - Global economic round-up

Housing Starts May 16 #HousingMarket #HousingStarts #MortgageRates #economy #economicdata

Housing Starts May 16 #HousingMarket #HousingStarts #MortgageRates #economy #economicdata

Factory Orders May 2 #economy #Manufacturing #EconomicIndicators #NewOrders #Shipments

Factory Orders May 2 #economy #Manufacturing #EconomicIndicators #NewOrders #Shipments

Pending Home Sales Index April 25 #homesales #housingmarket #economy

Pending Home Sales Index April 25 #homesales #housingmarket #economy

UP 327 - Federal Reserve rate cuts: Is it now if rather than when?

UP 327 - Federal Reserve rate cuts: Is it now if rather than when?

New Home Sales April 23 #economy #housingmarket #economicdata #homesales

New Home Sales April 23 #economy #housingmarket #economicdata #homesales

New Home Sales March 25 #NewHomeSales #HousingMarket #economy #economicdata

New Home Sales March 25 #NewHomeSales #HousingMarket #economy #economicdata

Existing Home Sales March 21 #HousingMarket #HomeSales #EconomicIndicators #Economy

Existing Home Sales March 21 #HousingMarket #HomeSales #EconomicIndicators #Economy

UP 326 - Bank of Japan finally tightens

UP 326 - Bank of Japan finally tightens

Consumer Price Index March 12 #CPI #Inflation #EconomicIndicators #ConsumerPrices #economy

Consumer Price Index March 12 #CPI #Inflation #EconomicIndicators #ConsumerPrices #economy

UP 325 - The credibility brake on interest rate cuts

UP 325 - The credibility brake on interest rate cuts

Existing Home Sales February 22 #HomeSales #MortgageRates #HousingMarket #economy #economicdata

Existing Home Sales February 22 #HomeSales #MortgageRates #HousingMarket #economy #economicdata

Retail Sales Feb15 #RetailSales #EconomicIndicators #EconomicData #ConsumerSpending #economy

Retail Sales Feb15 #RetailSales #EconomicIndicators #EconomicData #ConsumerSpending #economy

UP 324 - Central banks stand firm – for now

UP 324 - Central banks stand firm – for now

Employment Situation Feb 2 #EconomicData #EmploymentReport #UnemploymentRate #LaborMarket #economy

Employment Situation Feb 2 #EconomicData #EmploymentReport #UnemploymentRate #LaborMarket #economy

New Home Sales Jan 25 #HousingMarket #NewHomeSales #EconomicIndicators #HomePrices #economy

New Home Sales Jan 25 #HousingMarket #NewHomeSales #EconomicIndicators #HomePrices #economy

Existing Home Sales Jan 19 #homesales #housingmarket #housing #economicindicators #economy

Existing Home Sales Jan 19 #homesales #housingmarket #housing #economicindicators #economy

Industrial production Jan 17 #IndustrialProduction #Manufacturing #FederalReserve #economy

Industrial production Jan 17 #IndustrialProduction #Manufacturing #FederalReserve #economy

Producer Price Index Jan 12 #economy #PPI #EconomicIndicators #Inflation

Producer Price Index Jan 12 #economy #PPI #EconomicIndicators #Inflation

UP 323 - What to watch in 2024

UP 323 - What to watch in 2024

ADP Employment Report #EmploymentReport #JobGrowth #LaborMarket #economicindicators #economy

ADP Employment Report #EmploymentReport #JobGrowth #LaborMarket #economicindicators #economy

New Home Sales Dec 22 #economy #economicindicators #homesales #housingmarket

New Home Sales Dec 22 #economy #economicindicators #homesales #housingmarket

UP 322 - What surprised financial markets in 2023

UP 322 - What surprised financial markets in 2023

Housing Market Index Dec 18 #HousingMarket #HomeSales #EconomicIndicators #economy

Housing Market Index Dec 18 #HousingMarket #HomeSales #EconomicIndicators #economy

Industrial Production Dec 15 #economy #economicindicators #manufacturing

Industrial Production Dec 15 #economy #economicindicators #manufacturing

CPI Dec 12 #CPI #Inflation #EconomicIndicators #ConsumerPrices #EconomicData #economy

CPI Dec 12 #CPI #Inflation #EconomicIndicators #ConsumerPrices #EconomicData #economy

Employment Situation Dec 8 #Employment #Jobs #EconomicIndicators #LaborMarket #JobMarket #economy

Employment Situation Dec 8 #Employment #Jobs #EconomicIndicators #LaborMarket #JobMarket #economy

JOLTS Dec 5 #JobOpenings #LaborMarketTrends #EmploymentData #EconomicIndicators #Employment

JOLTS Dec 5 #JobOpenings #LaborMarketTrends #EmploymentData #EconomicIndicators #Employment

Pending Home Sales Nov 30 #HousingMarket #MortgageRates #HomeBuyers #Housing

Pending Home Sales Nov 30 #HousingMarket #MortgageRates #HomeBuyers #Housing

UP 321 - Looking for the turn in interest rates

UP 321 - Looking for the turn in interest rates

New Home Sales Nov27 #economy #homesales #housing #housingmarket #mortgagerates

New Home Sales Nov27 #economy #homesales #housing #housingmarket #mortgagerates

Consumer Sentiment Nov 22 #ConsumerSentiment #EconomicIndicators #Economy

Consumer Sentiment Nov 22 #ConsumerSentiment #EconomicIndicators #Economy

Existing Home Sales Nov 21 #RealEstateMarket #HomeSales #MortgageRates #Housing #Economy

Existing Home Sales Nov 21 #RealEstateMarket #HomeSales #MortgageRates #Housing #Economy

Housing Starts Nov 17 #HousingMarket #NewConstruction #MortgageRates #EconomicIndicators #economy

Housing Starts Nov 17 #HousingMarket #NewConstruction #MortgageRates #EconomicIndicators #economy

PPI Nov 15 #PPI #ProducerPriceIndex #EconomicIndicators #Inflation #economy

PPI Nov 15 #PPI #ProducerPriceIndex #EconomicIndicators #Inflation #economy

Consumer Price Index Nov 14, 2023 #CPI #Inflation #Economy #ConsumerPriceIndex #EconomicIndicators

Consumer Price Index Nov 14, 2023 #CPI #Inflation #Economy #ConsumerPriceIndex #EconomicIndicators

Consumer Sentiment Nov 10 #ConsumerSentiment #EconomicOutlook #InflationExpectations #InterestRates

Consumer Sentiment Nov 10 #ConsumerSentiment #EconomicOutlook #InflationExpectations #InterestRates

Jobless Claims Nov 9 #JoblessClaims #LaborMarket #EconomicIndicators #JobMarketTrends #EconomicData

Jobless Claims Nov 9 #JoblessClaims #LaborMarket #EconomicIndicators #JobMarketTrends #EconomicData

Employment Situation #JobsReport #EmploymentData #LaborMarket #LaborForce #JobMarket #Economy

Employment Situation #JobsReport #EmploymentData #LaborMarket #LaborForce #JobMarket #Economy

Jobless Claims #LaborMarket #JobMarket #EconomicData #Employment

Jobless Claims #LaborMarket #JobMarket #EconomicData #Employment

ADP Employment Report - #EmploymentReport #PrivatePayrolls #OctoberJobs #EconomicData #LaborMarket

ADP Employment Report - #EmploymentReport #PrivatePayrolls #OctoberJobs #EconomicData #LaborMarket

UP 320 - Bank of Japan: More of a tweak than a twist

UP 320 - Bank of Japan: More of a tweak than a twist

Consumer Sentiment #ConsumerSentiment #EconomicConditions #economy

Consumer Sentiment #ConsumerSentiment #EconomicConditions #economy

Pending Home Sales Index #Housing #HomeSales #HousingMarket #RealEstate #economy

Pending Home Sales Index #Housing #HomeSales #HousingMarket #RealEstate #economy

New Home Sales #RealEstateMarket #HomeSales #HousingTrends #MortgageRates #InterestRates #economy

New Home Sales #RealEstateMarket #HomeSales #HousingTrends #MortgageRates #InterestRates #economy

Existing Home Sales #economy #housing #housingmarket #mortgage

Existing Home Sales #economy #housing #housingmarket #mortgage

Economic Data October 17 #economy #housing #retailsales #manufacturing

Economic Data October 17 #economy #housing #retailsales #manufacturing

#inflation

#inflation

UP 319 - The fallout from higher-for-longer

UP 319 - The fallout from higher-for-longer

#employment

#employment

UP 318 - Central bank wrap and a word on oil

UP 318 - Central bank wrap and a word on oil

UP 317 - Key data for a policy pause

UP 317 - Key data for a policy pause

UP 316 - Economic growth defies inverted yield curves

UP 316 - Economic growth defies inverted yield curves

UP 315 - Global economic update: Where next?

UP 315 - Global economic update: Where next?

Housing Short June 22, 2023

Housing Short June 22, 2023

This week's Economic Events

This week's Economic Events

UP 314 - Central banks are doing their own thing

UP 314 - Central banks are doing their own thing

Housing Market Update

Housing Market Update

UP 313 - An issue with services

UP 313 - An issue with services

UP 312 - Is central bank policy working?

UP 312 - Is central bank policy working?

UP 311 - Don’t say growth doesn’t matter

UP 311 - Don’t say growth doesn’t matter

UP 310 - Central bank round-up: Inflation worries usurp banking woes

UP 310 - Central bank round-up: Inflation worries usurp banking woes

Economic Event Recap - March 13-17, 2023

Economic Event Recap - March 13-17, 2023

UP 309 - The bad news in the good

UP 309 - The bad news in the good

UP 308 - Labour market surprises dent rate cut hopes

UP 308 - Labour market surprises dent rate cut hopes

UP 307 - Markets still don’t believe the central banks

UP 307 - Markets still don’t believe the central banks

UP 306 - The economic outlook remains highly uncertain

UP 306 - The economic outlook remains highly uncertain

UP 305 - What to watch in 2023

UP 305 - What to watch in 2023

UP 304 - Only the beginning of the end

UP 304 - Only the beginning of the end

UP 303 - Tackling the demand-supply imbalance

UP 303 - Tackling the demand-supply imbalance

UP 302 - Which way inflation now?

UP 302 - Which way inflation now?

UP 301 - Is a policy pivot in sight?

UP 301 - Is a policy pivot in sight?

UP 300 - Global round-up: Recession risks keep on rising

UP 300 - Global round-up: Recession risks keep on rising

UP 299 - U.S. eyes September payrolls as the UK digests economic policy chaos

UP 299 - U.S. eyes September payrolls as the UK digests economic policy chaos

2023 Econoday Economic Journal

2023 Econoday Economic Journal

UP 298 - Central bank round-up: What they did and what it means

UP 298 - Central bank round-up: What they did and what it means

UP 297 - The energy price shock is forcing a fiscal response

UP 297 - The energy price shock is forcing a fiscal response

UP 296 - Recession won’t stop rates rising

UP 296 - Recession won’t stop rates rising

UP 295 - Whatever happened to forward guidance?

UP 295 - Whatever happened to forward guidance?

UP 294 - From inflation to recession?

UP 294 - From inflation to recession?

UP 293 - Central bank round-up: What they did and what it means

UP 293 - Central bank round-up: What they did and what it means

UP 292 - ECB credibility at risk

UP 292 - ECB credibility at risk

UP 291 - Containing inflation is more important than ever

UP 291 - Containing inflation is more important than ever

UP 290 - The growth-inflation gap is still widening

UP 290 - The growth-inflation gap is still widening

UP 289 - The race to interest rate neutrality

UP 289 - The race to interest rate neutrality

UP 288 - Recession worries are building

UP 288 - Recession worries are building

UP 287 - Global update - Ukraine crisis means slower growth and higher inflation

UP 287 - Global update - Ukraine crisis means slower growth and higher inflation

UP 286 - Hawks still rule the roost

UP 286 - Hawks still rule the roost

UP 285 - Global Update – The fallout from Russia’s invasion

UP 285 - Global Update – The fallout from Russia’s invasion

UP 284 - Geopolitics, the economy and financial markets

UP 284 - Geopolitics, the economy and financial markets

UP 283 - Falling further behind the curve

UP 283 - Falling further behind the curve

UP 282 - Global Update: A far from synchronised global recovery

UP 282 - Global Update: A far from synchronised global recovery

UP 281 - A diminished appetite for risk

UP 281 - A diminished appetite for risk

UP 280 - Monetary policy isn’t a one-way street

UP 280 - Monetary policy isn’t a one-way street

UP 279 - Financial markets and the spectre of Fed QT

UP 279 - Financial markets and the spectre of Fed QT

UP 278 - What to watch in 2022

UP 278 - What to watch in 2022

UP 277 - Central bank round-up – what they did and what it means

UP 277 - Central bank round-up – what they did and what it means

UP 276 - A more aggressive Fed and ‘Super Thursday’

UP 276 - A more aggressive Fed and ‘Super Thursday’

UP 275 - An Omicron spanner in the works?

UP 275 - An Omicron spanner in the works?

UP 274 - Global update: Labour markets and the Omicron effect

UP 274 - Global update: Labour markets and the Omicron effect

UP 273 - Euro struggles as Powell renominated

UP 273 - Euro struggles as Powell renominated

UP 272 - Surging inflation boosts the dollar

UP 272 - Surging inflation boosts the dollar

UP 271 - Policy communication and central bank credibility

UP 271 - Policy communication and central bank credibility

UP 270 - The turn in the policy cycle

UP 270 - The turn in the policy cycle

UP 269 - Not so transitory inflation

UP 269 - Not so transitory inflation

2022 Econoday Investor's Journal

2022 Econoday Investor's Journal

UP 268 - Fed to taper but BoE may hike first

UP 268 - Fed to taper but BoE may hike first

October Housing Market Recap

October Housing Market Recap

UP 267 - The Fed’s payroll path to tapering

UP 267 - The Fed’s payroll path to tapering

Financial markets are tightening by themselves

Financial markets are tightening by themselves

Fed toes tapering as other central banks stand pat

Fed toes tapering as other central banks stand pat

UP 264 - Tapering the taper and what’s happening to inflation

UP 264 - Tapering the taper and what’s happening to inflation

UP 263 - Covid cloud still complicating central bank policy

UP 263 - Covid cloud still complicating central bank policy

2022 Econoday

2022 Econoday

UP 262 - Fed tapering would mask slowing global growth

UP 262 - Fed tapering would mask slowing global growth

Housing Market Recap

Housing Market Recap

UP 261 - RBNZ tightening in doubt as Covid clouds the global recovery

UP 261 - RBNZ tightening in doubt as Covid clouds the global recovery

UP 260 - QT creep and Europe’s production woes

UP 260 - QT creep and Europe’s production woes

UP 259 - US payrolls preview and the BoE’s QE call

UP 259 - US payrolls preview and the BoE’s QE call

UP 258 - Monthly global round-up

UP 258 - Monthly global round-up

UP 257 - Central bank forward guidance and the delta factor

UP 257 - Central bank forward guidance and the delta factor

UP 256 - Central bank cycles moving out of synch

UP 256 - Central bank cycles moving out of synch

UP 255 - Are the PMIs offering accurate indications of the reopening economy?

UP 255 - Are the PMIs offering accurate indications of the reopening economy?

UP 254 - Fed communications assessed, as well as SNB and BoE meetings

UP 254 - Fed communications assessed, as well as SNB and BoE meetings

UP 253 - Central banks stick to their guns

UP 253 - Central banks stick to their guns

UP 252 - US job openings surging; ECB to taper?

UP 252 - US job openings surging; ECB to taper?

UP 251 - Demand soaring but inflation mixed; Covid reopenings uneven

UP 251 - Demand soaring but inflation mixed; Covid reopenings uneven

UP 250 - Central banks relaxed as price pressures build

UP 250 - Central banks relaxed as price pressures build

UP 249 - Inflation yet to shift monetary policy

UP 249 - Inflation yet to shift monetary policy

UP 248 - Inflation policy versus inflation targets

UP 248 - Inflation policy versus inflation targets

UP 247 - US and UK both rolling; BoE, Scottish vote ahead

UP 247 - US and UK both rolling; BoE, Scottish vote ahead

UP 246 - How and when to signal the policy shift

UP 246 - How and when to signal the policy shift

UP 245 - The reflation trade springs a leak

UP 245 - The reflation trade springs a leak

UP 244 - Confidence readings climbing; core inflation low

UP 244 - Confidence readings climbing; core inflation low

UP 243 - Status quo for Fed and SNB; 'vaccine war' for UK-EU

UP 243 - Status quo for Fed and SNB; 'vaccine war' for UK-EU

UP 242 - The Fed and BoE likely to hold policy steady; vaccine issues cloud Eurozone prospects

UP 242 - The Fed and BoE likely to hold policy steady; vaccine issues cloud Eurozone prospects

UP 241 - ECB asset purchases in play

UP 241 - ECB asset purchases in play

UP 240 - Inflation climbing, yields jumping, policy in question

UP 240 - Inflation climbing, yields jumping, policy in question

UP 239 - Inflation up, rates up; how to communicate policy change

UP 239 - Inflation up, rates up; how to communicate policy change

UP 238 - QE as means to control exchange rates

UP 238 - QE as means to control exchange rates

unplugged

unplugged

Regional round-up and Covid-19 vaccination rates - the new forward-looking economic recovery metric

Regional round-up and Covid-19 vaccination rates - the new forward-looking economic recovery metric

UP 235 - Updates on the latest data and policy outlooks

UP 235 - Updates on the latest data and policy outlooks

UP 234 - Asian data improving as Europe struggles; US labor market weak

UP 234 - Asian data improving as Europe struggles; US labor market weak

UP 233 - US job weakness severe and skewed; Covid updates from Europe

UP 233 - US job weakness severe and skewed; Covid updates from Europe

UP 232 - Key factors likely to influence financial markets in 2021

UP 232 - Key factors likely to influence financial markets in 2021

UP 231 - 2020 in review: Takeaways from a tumultuous year

UP 231 - 2020 in review: Takeaways from a tumultuous year

UP 230 - Central bank round-up: some moves possible but no action likely

UP 230 - Central bank round-up: some moves possible but no action likely

UP 229 - Final Brexit talks, ECB decision to be early keys for 2021

UP 229 - Final Brexit talks, ECB decision to be early keys for 2021

UP 228 - Covid-19 vaccines to the rescue as global growth stutters

UP 228 - Covid-19 vaccines to the rescue as global growth stutters

UP 227 - Fiscal frustration and the threat to recovery

UP 227 - Fiscal frustration and the threat to recovery

UP 226 - US outperforming; European fiscal policy in doubt

UP 226 - US outperforming; European fiscal policy in doubt

UP 225 - Vaccine game changer; when to withdraw stimulus

UP 225 - Vaccine game changer; when to withdraw stimulus

UP 224 - Election quandary ups US stimulus doubts; RBA cut raises negative-rate talk

UP 224 - Election quandary ups US stimulus doubts; RBA cut raises negative-rate talk

UP 223 - Global stimulus posing future risks; markets stable, growth struggling

UP 223 - Global stimulus posing future risks; markets stable, growth struggling

UP 222 - Market risk and the EU summit

UP 222 - Market risk and the EU summit

UP 221 - Asia doing best, US next, Europe last; Cries for fiscal help

UP 221 - Asia doing best, US next, Europe last; Cries for fiscal help

UP 220 - Central-bank policy cohesion showing cracks; fiscal outlooks updated

UP 220 - Central-bank policy cohesion showing cracks; fiscal outlooks updated

UP 219 - Europe facing second wave; September PMIs prove mixed

UP 219 - Europe facing second wave; September PMIs prove mixed

UP 218 - Inflation versus Employment: Differences in Policy Approach

UP 218 - Inflation versus Employment: Differences in Policy Approach

UP 217 - European Stimulus in Focus; Brexit Heats Up

UP 217 - European Stimulus in Focus; Brexit Heats Up

UP 215 - The politics of economic recovery: Who does it favor?

UP 215 - The politics of economic recovery: Who does it favor?

UP 214 - Liquidity boosting markets, propping up consumer

UP 214 - Liquidity boosting markets, propping up consumer

China alone in Asia recovery, US jobs key for fiscal stimulus, European growth doubts resurface

China alone in Asia recovery, US jobs key for fiscal stimulus, European growth doubts resurface

UP 212 - Elevated Covid Infections Rattle the Outlook

UP 212 - Elevated Covid Infections Rattle the Outlook

UP 211 - Europe's Recovery Deal Explained; Italy and Spain to Benefit

UP 211 - Europe's Recovery Deal Explained; Italy and Spain to Benefit

UP 210 - European Policy: How Much More Stimulus to Expect

UP 210 - European Policy: How Much More Stimulus to Expect

UP 209 - Hong Kong's Status in Question

UP 209 - Hong Kong's Status in Question

UP 207 - US, European Activity Levels Still At Virus Lows

UP 207 - US, European Activity Levels Still At Virus Lows