Egypt's Artificial river and the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam have sparked a complex geopolitical struggle, one that stretches all the way to the banks of the Nile River in Egypt. This massive structure has set in motion a chain of events that now compels Egypt to embark on an ambitious mega project of its own - the creation of a new artificial delta river. But why would Egypt, blessed with the Nile River, choose to invest billions of dollars in such a colossal endeavor? But what's even more fascinating is how this massive project has been moving forward impressively in just three years, when most people would expect it to take ten years.
What's making this even worse is the dam in Ethiopia. the Renaissance Dam is choking the Blue Nile River, which means less water for Sudan and, even more critically, Egypt. Egypt urgently needs a fix, and that’s what they are working on just south of cairo, This is no ordinary project – it's huge! In the first phase, set to finish by 2025, they're turning almost 6,000 square kilometers of desert into an enormous gigafarm. It comes with new roads, places for people to live, power stations, a massive wastewater treatment plant, and the world's longest artificial river.
Egypt's construction of the new Delta project is to safeguard against potential disasters in case the Renaissance Dam were to fail. This project is cleverly linked to the Nile River through gates and tunnels designed to absorb any sudden and drastic rises in Nile River levels before they reach the densely populated northern regions of Egypt. This includes places like the greater Cairo area, home to a staggering 22.2 million people. Egypt's taking proactive steps to ensure the safety and security of its citizens in the face of these mounting challenges.
Egypt is grappling with the harsh impacts of climate change, which are leading to increased desertification. Despite roughly 20 percent of the country being suitable for farming, only a mere five percent is put to agricultural use. This scarcity of water and the heavy strain on water resources have severe consequences. Today, Egypt is the world's largest wheat importer, the second-largest importer of yellow corn, and the fifth-largest importer of cooking oil.
Egypt's agricultural sector carries immense significance, contributing 14 percent to the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and offering livelihoods for 28 percent of its workforce, particularly in rural areas where 55 percent of employment is linked to agriculture. The livelihoods of millions of Egyptian families, totaling nearly 40 million individuals, depend on activities like farming, livestock, and food-related industries for income.
This underscores the indescribable importance of the new Delta Project. It promises to provide a reliable and secure source of income for around 5 million families.
Contrary to common belief, the new Delta project isn't focused on utilizing Nile River water for irrigation. This recycling takes place at the Alham Water Treatment Plant, currently under construction. This facility is poised to provide up to 7.5 million cubic meters of water daily. The remaining required water will be sourced from two other wastewater treatment plants situated near Giza in the 6th of October City, along with underground reservoirs. Notably, seawater desalination plants won't be incorporated into the project due to their high costs.
The project's connection to the Nile River serves primarily as an emergency measure. As mentioned earlier, it acts as a safety net in case something goes awry with the Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, which could potentially inundate significant portions of Egypt. It's important to note that the artificial river, spanning 114 kilometers in length and expected to supply around 10 million cubic meters of water daily, sits at a higher elevation than the Nile River. This means it can't contribute to the flow unless Nile water levels rise significantly, triggering the opening of large emergency gates to divert excess water.
One of the project's most captivating features is the 114-kilometer-long artificial river, acclaimed as the world's longest. In reality, this river extends for 170 kilometers, as it connects to a new canal from the old Delot. This canal feeds the Alham Wastewater Plant, which in turn provides fresh water to the expansive artificial river. This remarkable artificial river comprises 148 kilometers of open concrete canals, 22 kilometers of underground pipelines with diameters reaching up to 3 meters, 15 lift stations, essential because some areas have varying elevations, and three bridges catering to both vehicles and pedestrians.
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