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DARKNESS IN THE DEPTHS OF THE OCEAN
Prof. Durga Rao is an expert in the field of Marine Geology and was a professor at King Abdul
Aziz University in Jeddah. He was asked to comment on the following verse:
“Or (the Unbelievers’ state) Is like the depths of darkness In a vast deep ocean, Overwhelmed
with billow Topped by billow, Topped by (dark) clouds: Depths of darkness, one Above another:
if a man Stretches out his hand, He can hardly see it! For any to whom Allah Giveth not light,
there is no light!” [Al-Qur’aan 24:40]
Prof. Rao said that scientists have only now been able to confirm, with the help of modern
equipment that there is darkness in the depths of the ocean. Humans are unable to dive
unaided underwater for more than 20 to 30 meters, and cannot survive in the deep oceanic
regions at a depth of more than 200 meters. This verse does not refer to all seas because not
every sea can be described as having accumulated darkness layered one over another. It refers
especially to a deep sea or deep ocean, as the Qur’aan says, “darkness in a vast deep ocean”.
This layered darkness in a deep ocean is the result of two causes:
1: A light ray is composed of seven colours. These seven colours are Violet, Indigo, Blue,
Green, Yellow, Orange and Red (VIBGYOR). The light ray undergoes refraction when it hits
water. The upper 10 to 15 metres of water absorb the red colour. Therefore if a diver is 25
metres under water and gets wounded, he would not be able to see the red colour of his blood,
because the red colour does not reach this depth. Similarly orange rays are absorbed at 30 to
50 metres, yellow at 50 to 100 metres, green at 100 to 200 metres, and finally, blue beyond 200
metres and violet and indigo above 200 metres. Due to successive disappearance of colour,
one layer after another, the ocean progressively becomes darker, i.e. darkness takes place in
layers of light. Below a depth of 1000 meters there is complete darkness .
2: The sun’s rays are absorbed by clouds, which in turn scatter light rays thus causing a layer of
darkness under the clouds. This is the first layer of darkness. When light rays reach the surface
of the ocean they are reflected by the wave surface giving it a shiny appearance. Therefore it is
the waves which reflect light and cause darkness. The unreflected light penetrates into the
depths of the ocean. Therefore the ocean has two parts. The surface characterized by light and
warmth and the depth characterized by darkness. The surface is further separated from the
deep part of the ocean by waves. The internal waves cover the deep waters of seas and oceans
because the deep waters have a higher density than the waters above them. The darkness
begins below the internal waves. Even the fish in the depths of the ocean cannot see; their only
source of light is from their own bodies.
The Qur’aan rightly mentions: “Darkness in a vast deep ocean overwhelmed with waves topped
by waves”.
In other words, above these waves there are more types of waves, i.e. those found on the
surface of the ocean. The Qur’aanic verse continues, “topped by (dark) clouds; depths of

darkness, one above another.” These clouds as explained are barriers one over the other that
further cause darkness by absorption of colours at different levels.
Prof. Durga Rao concluded by saying, “1400 years ago a normal human being could not explain
this phenomenon in so much detail. Thus the information must have come from a supernatural
source”.

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