In 1954 the Guatemalan people elected Jacobo Arbenz as their President. He attempted to challenge the United Fruit Company by helping the ordinary farmers receive their fair share of the land. However, in the process, he made a powerful enemy in the face of the United States government and the CIA. In a short period of time, Arbenz was overthrown and replaced by a sympathetic and friendly government of Castilo Armas.

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Reference:
Chapman, Peter (2007). Bananas!: How the United Fruit Company Shaped the World
Cullather, Nicholas (2006). Secret History: The CIA's classified account of its operations in Guatemala, 1952–1954
Immerman, Richard H. (1982). The CIA in Guatemala: The Foreign Policy of Intervention
Blum, William (2003). Killing Hope: US Military and CIA Interventions Since World War II

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