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In This Video Lecture You Will Learn Basic Concept Of Polysaccharide
Polysaccharides are characterized by the following chemical properties: (1) not sweet in taste, (2) many of which are insoluble in water, (3) do not form crystals when desiccated, (4) compact and not osmotically active inside the cells, (5) can be extracted to form white powder, and (6) general chemical formula of Cx(H2O)y.
Polysaccharides consist of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen, just as the other forms of carbohydrates. The ratio of hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms is often 2:1, which is why they are also described as hydrates of carbon. The general chemical formula of polysaccharides is (C6H10O5)n. Because of the presence of carbon and C-C and C-H covalent bonds, they are considered as organic compounds similar to other carbohydrates.
Polysaccharides differ from oligosaccharides and disaccharides based on how many monosaccharide units are present. Disaccharides are made up of only two monosaccharides. Oligosaccharides have more than two monosaccharides. The term oligosaccharide is commonly used to describe relatively shorter chains than polysaccharides. Polysaccharides are a type of biological macromolecule comprised of multiple monosaccharide units.
There are diverse forms of polysaccharides. Their structure ranges from a simple linear to the more complex, highly branched forms. Many of them are heterogenous. Depending on their composition, they may be amorphous or water-insoluble.
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