Allergic conjunctivitis is an immune response that occurs when the eye comes in contact with an irritating substance, known as an allergy.
• Allergy can involve any age group though more common in children
• Itching leads to rubbing of eyes which may become a vicious cycle and can lead to other ocular problems
• The function of the immune system is to defend the body against harmful invaders, such as bacteria and viruses.
• In an eye allergy, the immune system mistakes an allergy for a dangerous substance, causing the immune system to overreact and produce antibodies called immunoglobulin (IgE)
• These antibodies travel to the cells in the eye, and in turn, causes it to release histamines and other chemicals in an effort to protect the eyes.
• It is this chemical reaction that causes the symptoms associated with the condition.
• An eye allergy may happen at any time of the year. However, it is common in the spring, summer, and fall months when vegetations such as trees, grasses, and plants are in bloom.
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CAUSES
An eye allergy is caused by allergens in the air both indoors and outdoors including:
• Smoke
• Pet Dander
• Dust
• Mold
• Pollen from grass, ragweed, and trees
SYMPTOMS
• Itchy or burning eyes
• Red eyes
• Watery eyes
• Swollen eyelids, especially in the morning
• Sensitivity to light
• Blurry vision
• Tearing
In some cases, eye allergies may be accompanied by nasal allergies. In such cases, other symptoms may include:
• Sneezing
• Itchy nose.
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