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ABSTRACT: Emergency Braking System using Arduino and Ultrasonic Sensor
The project aims in designing an intelligent vehicle system which helps in avoiding accidents. This vehicle consists of ultrasonic sensor to detect the obstacle in its path and alerts the user through buzzer.
In day-to-day life road accidents goes on increasing due to varies reasons. Some road accidents may cause due to chasing between two vehicles. We avoid these kinds of accidents by providing some precautionary methods using ultrasonic sensors. Ultrasonic sensors generate high frequency sound waves and evaluate the echo which is received back by the sensor. These sensors calculate the time intervals between sending the signal and receiving the echo to determine the distance to an object. If the distance of the object/vehicle is too small then this vehicle stops automatically along with buzzer which avoids the potential risk of the accident.
The main controlling device of the system is an Arduino UNO Microcontroller. Ultrasonic sensor, buzzer and DC motors along with l293d motor driver are interfaced to Microcontroller. Microcontroller will read the data from ultrasonic sensor. When the sensor detects the obstacle, then the microcontroller gives an alarm and turn OFF the vehicle ignition automatically. Here l293d motor driver works as a switch to ON/OFF the vehicle ignition based on obstacle. To perform the intelligent task, Arduino UNO Microcontroller is programmed using embedded ‘C’ language.
Features:
1. Automatic braking system.
2. Object identification through ultrasonic sensor.
3. Buzzer based alerting system.
The project makes us learn about:
1. Ultrasonic sensor characteristics.
2. DC motor working principle and need for a motor driver.
3. Embedded C programming.
The Major Building blocks of this project are:
• Battery Power Supply.
• Arduino UNO Microcontroller.
• Ultrasonic sensor.
• DC motor with L293D Motor driver.
• Buzzer with driver.
Software’s used:
1. Embedded C programming.
2. Arduino IDE programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
3. Express SCH for Circuit design.
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