Notes ⤵️ All about the spinal accessory nerve and muscles!

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✅ Course   
  
Spinal portion arises from neurons of the upper spinal cord, C1-C5/C6 spinal nerve roots.  
  
Traverses posterior cranial fossa to reach the jugular foramen. Meets the cranial portion of the accessory nerve before exiting the skull (traveling with CN 9 & 10)
  
When outside the cranium: spinal part goes down with the internal carotid artery to reach sternocleidomastoid muscle.   
  
Now it moves across posterior triangle of the neck to supply the motor function of trapezius muscle.   
  
In the cranium - You can find the cranial portion of the accessory nerve lateral to the medulla oblongata.   
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✅ Sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM)⁣⁣  
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It is an important landmark in the neck dividing the anterior & posterior triangle. @rev.med⁣⁣  
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*Origin: Manubrium of the sternum & the medial portion of the clavicle bone⁣⁣  
⁣⁣*Insertion: lateral surface of the mastoid process, also the lateral half of superior nuchal line via the aponeurosis
⁣⁣*Nerve supply: Spinal accessory nerve (CN 11)⁣⁣  
⁣⁣*Blood Supply: Sternoclediomastoid branch of the occipital artery⁣⁣  
⁣⁣*Action: flexion of the neck and for contralateral head rotation⁣⁣⁣  
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✅ Trapezius Muscle⁣⁣  
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Muscle is divided into three parts (Descending: superior, Ascending: inferior & Middle).
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*Origin: Base of occiput - external occipital protruberance, nuchal ligament, medial third of superior nuchal line⁣⁣  
Spinous processes - C7 - T12 vertebrae⁣⁣  
*Nerve supply: Spinal accessory nerve (CN 11)⁣⁣  
*Blood supply: transverse cervical artery from the thyrocervical trunk ⁣⁣  
*Action: elevation and retraction of the scapula.⁣⁣⁣  

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