This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
[ Ссылка ]_(2013%E2%80%93present)
00:05:47 1 Background
00:07:55 1.1 Global surveillance
00:08:45 1.2 Disclosures
00:10:49 1.3 Historical context
00:13:34 2 Timeline
00:14:09 2.1 2013
00:14:18 2.1.1 May
00:14:55 2.1.2 June
00:21:41 2.1.3 July
00:29:42 2.1.4 August
00:39:18 2.1.5 September
00:46:29 2.1.6 October
00:56:46 2.1.7 November
01:05:50 2.1.8 December
01:22:48 2.2 2014
01:22:58 2.2.1 January
01:32:26 2.2.2 February
01:39:33 2.2.3 March
01:49:46 2.2.4 April
01:50:12 2.2.5 May
01:52:18 2.2.6 June
01:56:40 2.2.7 July
01:59:28 2.2.8 August
02:00:19 2.3 2015
02:00:29 2.3.1 February
02:01:20 2.3.2 March
02:01:48 2.3.3 April
02:02:58 2.3.4 September
02:03:45 2.4 2016
02:03:55 2.4.1 January
02:04:14 2.4.2 August
02:04:45 2.5 2017
02:05:01 2.6 2018
02:05:11 3 Reaction
02:05:21 3.1 Reactions of citizens
02:06:31 3.2 Reactions of political leaders
02:06:42 3.2.1 United States
02:07:25 3.2.2 United Kingdom
02:08:31 3.2.3 Australia
02:09:35 3.2.4 Germany
02:11:17 3.2.5 Sweden
02:11:59 3.2.6 Netherlands
02:12:32 3.2.7 Denmark
02:13:17 3.3 Review of intelligence agencies
02:14:12 3.4 Criticism and Alternative Views
02:18:11 4 Gallery
02:18:21 5 Comparison with other leaks
02:18:32 6 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
[ Ссылка ]
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
[ Ссылка ]
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
[ Ссылка ]
Speaking Rate: 0.7305952646516984
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-C
"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Ongoing news reports in the international media have revealed operational details about the United States National Security Agency (NSA) and its international partners' global surveillance of both foreign nationals and U.S. citizens. The reports mostly emanate from a cache of top secret documents leaked by ex-NSA contractor Edward Snowden, which he obtained whilst working for Booz Allen Hamilton, one of the largest contractors for defense and intelligence in the United States. In addition to a trove of U.S. federal documents, Snowden's cache reportedly contains thousands of Australian, British and Canadian intelligence files that he had accessed via the exclusive "Five Eyes" network. In June 2013, the first of Snowden's documents were published simultaneously by The Washington Post and The Guardian, attracting considerable public attention. The disclosure continued throughout 2013, and a small portion of the estimated full cache of documents was later published by other media outlets worldwide, most notably The New York Times (United States), the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Der Spiegel (Germany), O Globo (Brazil), Le Monde (France), L'espresso (Italy), NRC Handelsblad (the Netherlands), Dagbladet (Norway), El País (Spain), and Sveriges Television (Sweden).These media reports have shed light on the implications of several secret treaties signed by members of the UKUSA community in their efforts to implement global surveillance. For example, Der Spiegel revealed how the German Foreign Intelligence Service (German: Bundesnachrichtendienst; BND) transfers "massive amounts of intercepted data to the NSA", while Swedish Television revealed the National Defence Radio Establishment (FRA) provided the NSA with data from its cable collection, under a secret treaty signed in 1954 for bilateral cooperation on surveillance. Other security and intelligence agencies involved in the practice of global surveillance include those in Australia (ASD), Britain (GCHQ), Canada (CSEC), Denmark (PET), France (DGSE), Germany (BND), Italy (AISE), the Netherlands (AIVD), Norway (NIS), Spain (CNI), Switzerland (NDB), Singapore (SID) as well as Israel (ISNU), which receives raw, unfiltered data of U.S. citizens that is shared by the NSA.On June 14, 2013, United States prosecutors charged Edward Snowden with espionage and theft of government property. In late July 2013, he was granted a one-year temporary asylum by the Russian government, contributing to a deterioration ...
