Zambia is a landlocked country located on the southern part of Africa and is bordered by: Angola, Botswana, DR Congo, Namibia, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zimbabwe and has even access to Lake Tanganyika which goes all the way up to Burundi.
Zambia is big and full of beautiful wildlife. And today, we’re about to embark on a journey to discover this country in 10 interesting facts that you may not know about it.
Northern Rhodesia was a British protectorate before 24 October 1964, when it became independent as the Republic of Zambia. From August 1, 1953 to December 31, 1963, it was part of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, an autonomous federation of Northern Rhodesia, Southern Rhodesia and Nyasaland. From the 1930s, many South Africans migrated to Northern Rhodesia, mainly to work in the mines of the Copperbelt region, in the towns of Luanshya, Ndola, Kitwe, Nkana, Mufulira, Chingola and Bancroft (today Chililabombwe), and to a lesser extent the towns of Lusaka, Livingstone and Broken Hill (now Kabwe).
Also, after World War II, many people from Britain and India came to Northern Rhodesia to work in the mines, trade or for the civil service. In the 1960s and 1970s, many of these families moved to South Africa or Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe). A person born in Northern Rhodesia became a British protected person at birth. In 1953 the two Rhodesias were merged with Nyasaland (now Malawi) to form the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. The Federation, also called the Central African Federation, was formed on the initiative of Great Britain.
Under an appointed governor general, the federal government handled all governmental affairs, although the countries retained most of their old legislative structure. In 1960-1961, Africans demonstrated against the federation. At the heart of the controversy were African demands for greater participation in government and European fears of losing political control. The official dissolution took place on December 31, 1963, after which Northern Rhodesia became independent as Zambia on October 24, 1964.
Zambia's natural resources include uranium, silver, cobalt, copper, coal, lead, silver, zinc, emeralds and gold. Zambia is also one of the world's leading producers of semi-precious stones and cobalt. The social and economic backbone of Zambia has always been its mining industry. Copper mining and refining has been of immense importance in Zambia.
Since the 1930s, a wide variety of non-metal and metal resources have been discovered in Zambia and these resources have expanded mining and exploration activities in the country. Zambia has an increasing number of limestone deposits in the Lusaka region located in the southern part of the Central Province and also in the Eastern Province. Different varieties of silica sands can be found in Zambia. Feldspars are also commonly found, especially in pegmatites. Zambia has been producing coal continuously since 1967 and the country also has significant coal resources.
The Maamba Coal Mine, near Lake Kariba in Zambia, produces huge quantities of coal. The Kabwe carbonate deposits are globally considered to be one of the richest zinc and lead deposits in Zambia. Zambia is a globally recognized producer of cobalt and copper. Emeralds are found in the Miku-Kafubu region. Zambia has one of the richest copper deposits in the world and is ranked as the seventh largest copper producer in the world. Copper contributes more than 70 percent of the country's export earnings. Zambia produces around 20 percent of the world's emeralds. The mining sector is governed and regulated by the Mines and Minerals Development Law No. 11 of 2015, which covers types of mining rights, acquisition of mining rights, rights/obligations conferred on the holder of mining rights, transferability of mining rights, safety, health and environmental requirements, and provides for the environmental protection fund, mining royalties, fees and charges, and the export of minerals.
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