#ships #vessels #anchor
HOW DOES AN ANCHOR HOLD A SHIP?
The primary force holding an anchored ship in place is the weight of the chain lying on the bottom and its friction with the bottom of the sea. The anchor does help as the flukes are designed to dig into the bottom as well. When properly anchoring ship, the amount of anchor chain paid out is 5 to 7 times the depth of the water as a rule of thumb. The type of bottom is a contributing factor with mud being the best holding and rock being the worst.
The ship retrieves the anchor by hoisting the chain with an anchor windlass which has a great deal of torque. The chain in slowly hauled in while pulling the ship slightly forward.
It is possible for the anchor to become fouled on a rock or some other obstruction . Typically it can be freed when the ship is directly above the anchor. Care is taken not to drop anchors in places where there are submerged cables as it is very difficult to free an anchor that it caught on a cable. In some cases the anchor chain must be cut.
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