🌍 If we go back in history to the arrival of the very first dinosaurs, we should find ourselves in the Triassic period around 250 million years ago. It was at this time, after an unprecedented biological crisis, that the dinosaurs arrived on Earth.
Our planet has experienced several mass extinctions, including the one that put an end to the existence of non-avian dinosaurs some 165 million years later. The latter is undoubtedly the most popular with the general public. But what is less well known is that it was neither the only nor the most important one.
The extinction that marks the end of the Permian and the beginning of the Triassic, which we're about to look at, was like no other. It was the most devastating extinction of all.
This mass extinction occurred around 252 million years ago. As we've seen, it marks the boundary between the Permian and Triassic geological periods, and thus between the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras.
And the era of the dinosaurs is the Mesozoic era. This era is itself made up of the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous respectively.
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💥 Dinosaur World:
- Here we are in dinosaur land. This is Pangea. A vast ocean, called Panthalassa, surrounds this landmass, forming a single continent.
Contrary to popular belief, Pangea does not have a single climate. The land of the dinosaurs was neither a vast swamp as far as the eye could see, nor an almost tropical jungle. The climate was not the same on either side of the continent.
In the center of Pangea, comprising present-day Europe, the Americas and Africa, the climate was predominantly desert. On the other hand, what is now India, Siberia and even Antarctica enjoy a temperate climate.
The Earth is a far cry from what we know today. It's as if someone has mixed up all the pieces of the puzzle. Nothing seems to fit. And yet, for tens of millions of years, this was the configuration of the Earth. This unique land was also the cradle of the dinosaurs. These animals experienced a variety of climates, geological periods and adapted to different environments, from deserts to mountains to jungles.
Around 230 million years ago, the first members of the dinosaur group began to appear. Depending on geographic zone, environment and climate, animals diversified to adapt. If you remember from our little introduction, we mentioned almost 1,200 species. And that's just the species known to man. So you can imagine the diversity that reigned in this large family.
When we think of dinosaurs, we immediately think of large animals.
But the earliest dinosaur specimens are a far cry from the usual cliché of giant dinosaurs.
The oldest confirmed dinosaurs, which lived 230 million years ago, were saurischians. First of all, there's Saturnalia, a dinosaur whose classification was long debated until 2007, as it includes features of both sauropodomorphs and theropods. It is around 1 to 2 meters long and probably no taller than an adult's knees.
At the same time, there was also the Staurikosaurus. This ancestor of both sauropods and theropods was discovered in South America. It's hard to describe it with much precision, because we're up against our scientific limits here.
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🎬 Today's program:
- 00:00 - Introduction
- 04:10 - When it all began...
- 12:45 - The great dinosaur family, who are they really?
- 14:49 - Are dinosaurs really gigantic animals?
- 22:04 - The ancestors of the dinosaurs
- 27:20 - The Saurischians, dinosaurs with lizard pelvises
- 31:56 - Ornithischians, the birdbath dinosaurs
- 36:00 - Are marine reptiles dinosaurs?
- 42:35 - Pterosaurs and dinosaurs
- 49:47 - Dinosaurs: cold-blooded or warm-blooded?
- 55:15 - Do dinosaurs lay eggs?
- 01:00:25 - The lives of dinosaurs: between ferocious predators and good parents...
- 01:02:00 - How do dinosaurs care for their offspring?
- 01:06:15 - How intelligent were the dinosaurs?
- 01:13:35 - Dinosaurs, bloodthirsty beasts or social animals?
- 01:15:35 - Where do dinosaurs live and how do they adapt to their environment?
- 01:16:10 - Dinosaurs live in tropical swamps
- 01:21:14 - Reign and decline
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