“Hence, it is clear that the main tenet of socialism—community of goods—must be utterly rejected, since it only injures those whom it would seem meant to benefit, is directly contrary to the natural rights of mankind, and would introduce confusion and disorder into the commonweal.”
Rerum Novarum—literally meaning “Of New Things,” but more accurately translated, “Of Revolutionary Change,”—was Pope Leo XIII’s response to the political upheaval of the 19th century. Issued on May 15, 1891, Rerum Novarum set forth a definitive word on these “new things” and laid the groundwork for further development of the Church’s social teaching throughout the 20th century. Today, Rerum Novarum is considered a foundational text of Catholic social doctrine.
Covering everything from property rights to trade unions, from questions of wages to those of the relationship of man to the State, Rerum Novarum is a sweeping document at once comprehensive and accessible. There’s no need to be a political philosopher or economist here. Leo XIII develops his arguments in a methodical and straightforward way, stating plainly that human society can be healed in no other way than in a return to Christian life and Christian institutions.
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