Gas exchange in the lungs is vital for breathing. When you breathe in, oxygen enters your lungs and travels into tiny air sacs called alveoli. These alveoli are surrounded by tiny blood vessels called capillaries. Oxygen moves from the alveoli into the blood in the capillaries, while carbon dioxide, a waste product, moves from the blood into the alveoli to be breathed out. This exchange happens due to a process called diffusion, where substances move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. This ensures that oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is removed from the body during breathing.
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