Although Venus is often called Earth’s sister, once spacecraft began visiting the world, scientists quickly realized that the Venus of today was anything but earthlike. It has a hellish landscape with temperatures reaching 800 degrees Fahrenheit (430 degrees Celsius). What’s more, scientists found a mystery: When they were able to use radar and peer beneath the clouds, they found a surprisingly smooth surface, devoid of the craters that dot Mars, the Moon, and other bodies in the inner solar system. Eventually, researchers realized that roughly 750 million years ago, Venus experienced a catastrophic volcanic eruption that resurfaced most of the planet — leading one planetary scientist to call Venus “the planet that threw up on itself.”
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Thumbnail credit: NASA/JPL
