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Natural selection results in the evolution of species and increases biodiversity through speciation. Natural selection occurs through the following mechanism:
1. The is variation amongst organisms of a population due to random mutations.
2. There is a struggle for survival through competition for resources, and some organisms will be fitter (better adapted to deal with the struggle) than others.
3. Species that are “fitter” are more likely to survive and reproduce.
4. Offspring of the fitter individuals are more likely to inherit the useful characteristics. Over many generations the population may “evolve”.
