Welcome viewers, today, we are going to study about the Kingdom Plantae also known as the Plant Kingdom. In this video, we will learn - what is Kingdom Plantae, what is definition of Kingdom Plantae and classification of Kingdom Plantae.
Characteristic Features of the Kingdom Plantae are as follows:
All the plants that we see around us are included in one kingdom i.e. the kingdom Plantae.
Plants are multicellular, eukaryotic, photosynthetic living organisms.
All plants contain chlorophyll that helps in photosynthesis.
They are autotrophs as they make their own food.
Plant kingdom is broadly divided into two sub-kingdoms: Cryptogamae and Phanerogamae.
On the basis of sub-groups, plant kingdom is divided into five sub-groups: Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperm and Angiosperm where Thallophyta, Bryophyta amd Pteridophyta are included in Cryptogams while Gymnosperms and Angiosperms are included in Phanerogams.
The Kingdom plantae is divided into two sub-kingdoms: Cryptogams and Phanerogams. Cryptogams are again sub divided into 3 groups i.e. Thallophyta, Bryophyta and Pteridophyta. Similarly, Phanerogams are also divided into 2 groups i.e. Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.
Cryptogams are the seedless plants while Phanerogams bear seeds. Thallophyta and Bryophyta have thallus like body and do not have vascular tissues while Pteridophytes have well distinguished plant parts and vascular tissues.
In case of Phanerogams, Gymnosperms have naked seeds and Angiosperms have covered seeds.
Moving on to Cryptogams. Till now we know that Cryptogams are seedless plants and lowers plants that bear no flowers, seeds and fruits. These reproduce by vegetative, asexual and sexual means. Vegetative reproduction takes place cell division or fragmentation. Asexual reproduction takes place by the means of spores. Sexual reproduction takes place by fusion of male and female gametes.
Cryptogams are divided into 3 groups such as thallophyta, bryophyta and pteridophyta depending upon whether they have well differentiated plant body or not. Thallophyta and bryophyta have undifferentiated plant body and no vascular tissues while pteridophyte have differentiated plant body with vascular tissues.
Now let’s see the characteristic features of Thallophyta.
Thallophyta include lower Cryptogams such as algae, fungi, bacteria, slime molds and lichens.
They have undifferentiated plant body known as “thallus”.
These are aquatic plants that lack vascular system.
Here, reproduction takes place by fragmentation, spore formation and unicellular sex organs.
They show alternation of generation.
Let’s see what we have learned today.
We have learned so far that,
Plant kingdom is also known as kingdom Plantae that include all photosynthetic, multicellular living organisms.
Kingdom Plantae is divided into 2 sub-kingdoms: Cryptogams and Phanerogams.
Cryptogams are seedless plants that are further divided into Thallophyta, Bryophyta and Pteridophyta.
Thallophyta are thallus like plant body that are aquatic in nature.
Bryophyta are also thallus like body but can live in water and on land.
Pteridophytes are plant body divided into root, shoot and leaves and have vascular system.
Phanerogams are seed bearing plants that are divided into Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.
Gymnosperms contain naked seeds and further divided into 4 groups.
Angiosperms are most advanced plants that have covered seeds and flowers. These are again divided into two groups.
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Also Watch:
Cryptogams (Cryptogamae): [ Ссылка ]
Phanerogams: [ Ссылка ]
