Colombia, officially known as the Republic of Colombia, is a country located in South America and is bordered by: Brazil, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela. It was colonized by Spain and therefore its official language is Spanish. Christopher Columbus was an Italian explorer who was sponsored by the Catholic kings of Spain, Queen Isabella I and King Ferdinand II to journey west and explore. The major goal of the journey was to find a western route to the East Indies so that the spice trade could be profitable.
He ended up in the Americas, especially a small island in the Bahamas, and the conquest and colonization of the Americas that followed forever transformed the world. Many people give credit to Columbus for 'discovering' the Americas, but the Norse Vikings had been there hundreds of years before him, and many of indigenous peoples had already settled there.
Colombia was colonized by Spain, and the country became a republic in 1819. Prior to independence, the country was known as Gran Colombia, and on July 20, 1819, it became the Republic of Colombia.
Colombia boasts one of South America's most diverse ethnic populations.
Colombia's ethnic and cultural diversity is a result of its geographic location at the South American doorway, a crucial crossing point between the continent's north and south, as well as a historically significant point of immigration for Spaniards and Africans.
Indigenous ethnic groups, which make up 3.4 percent of the population, are primarily found in rural areas. The Colombian Pacific coast, the Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia, and Santa Catalina, the community of San Basilio de Palenque, and some of the bigger cities are home to the Afro-descendant population, which accounts for 10.6% of the national population.
In addition to creole languages like bandé, palenquero, and roman, Colombian speak around 64 Amerindian languages. Colombia is the world's third-biggest coffee exporter, trailing only Brazil and Vietnam, and the largest exporter of arabica beans. Colombia's "Coffee Cultural Landscape" was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2011. One of the reasons Colombia produces such high-quality coffee is that the country's terrain and climate are nearly ideal for growing coffee.
We're talking about tropical highlands with ideal soil, plenty of rain, and a warm temperature that offers enough sunlight in between rainstorms to grow some of the world's richest coffee. Colombian coffee is made entirely of arabica beans, which are sweeter and lighter than robusta beans.
Another reason Colombian coffee is so wonderful is that it is completely hand-picked. Yes, almost all coffee growers in Colombia harvest their beans by hand, which means they never pick beans that aren't perfectly ripe. In some circumstances, a human hand is significantly superior to a machine!
Music and coffee in the city of rhythm! Colombia's capital city is Bogota. Because to its position, it is also known as the "Gateway to South America." It connects North and Central America in the continent's northwest.
Bogota's music culture is so rich and powerful that it was named a UNESCO City of Music in 2013! Throughout the year, the city hosts more than 60 music festivals and more than 400 live music venues. The city's music culture includes a wide range of genres, including salsa, jazz, pop, gospel, rock, opera, classical, electronic, and tropical music, to mention a few. 'Festivales al Parque,' a program launched in 1995 to promote the city's reputation and image via art and music.
Because of Colombia's weather, Bogota is a relatively wonderful spot to come as a tourist. There are over 50 museums, 37 libraries, public spaces, cathedrals, and a plethora of monuments that will take your breath away!
Colombia produces over 70-90 percent of the world's emeralds, and Colombian emeralds are said to be more attractive than those from other countries. For thousands of years, emeralds were the most sought after (and expensive) mineral. Even today, the purest and most brilliantly green emeralds can outperform diamonds in price — speak about green with envy!
Colombian emeralds are regarded to be the best because they are discovered in sedimentary host rock rather than igneous rock, which makes them purer than emeralds from other areas.
Colombia has also produced some of the most famous emeralds, including the Duke of Devonshire Emerald, which is on exhibit at the Natural History Museum in London, and the Tena Emerald, the world's most precious emerald.
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