**Course of Open RAN can be accessed at -
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Integration with legacy Network: With the move towards Open RANs, operators and integrators need to test that all this technology works together before it goes into the live network. One example of this challenge concerns the wide range of components being used by different vendors. How to deliver the best possible service?
Maturity: There are concerns about multi-vendor interoperability. Worries persist that, in the rush to bring Open RAN to market, some vendors will forge ahead with their own proprietary flavor of Open RAN, which will involve the need for heavy systems integration to make the multivendor products work in harmony.
Connectivity: 5G networks critically rely on optical fibre links to connect the radio antennae to the electronic processing base station equipment. Fronthaul, Midhaul and Backhaul have stringent requirements.
Operations: Another major challenge is, once the technology has been deployed, when a problem arises who solves it and how do you do this? The traditional single-vendor network has meant that when product-related network performance issues arise, operators can easily work with just one single vendor to solve the problem. With an Open RAN network, when a problem arises, you must work with multiple vendors to resolve the issue. Who takes the onus to resolve the issue when there are multiple vendors involved?
Operational readiness: This represents another barrier to entry for SPs, as they must own the operational and automation/ DevOps aspects of Open RAN. This is a new high-requirement capability, with numerous complexities and requirements for knowledge & technical capabilities,
