Rituxan (rituximab) operates through a targeted mechanism to address conditions involving overactive or malignant B cells. Here's a comprehensive overview of how Rituxan works: What is the mechanism of Rituxan?
Targeting CD20 on B Cells:
Rituxan is a monoclonal antibody designed to specifically bind to CD20, a protein present on the surface of B cells.
Immune System Recognition:
The binding of Rituxan to CD20 signals the immune system to identify these B cells as abnormal or foreign.
Activation of Immune Response:
Rituxan triggers immune responses, such as Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC) and Complement-Dependent Cytotoxicity (CDC).
Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC):
Immune cells, particularly natural killer (NK) cells, are activated to release chemicals that induce the destruction of the targeted B cells.
Complement-Dependent Cytotoxicity (CDC):
Rituxan can activate the complement system, a group of proteins that contribute to the destruction of the marked B cells.
Apoptosis (Programmed Cell Death):
The combined effects of ADCC and CDC lead to apoptosis, a controlled and programmed cell death, in the B cells.
Clearance of Debris:
The immune system subsequently clears away the cellular debris resulting from the destruction of B cells.
This orchestrated process helps regulate the activity of B cells, making Rituxan effective in conditions such as certain types of lymphomas and autoimmune diseases. Always consult with a medical professional for personalized information and considerations.
