Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are caused by pathogenic microorganisms
in the urinary tract (the normal urinary tract is sterile
above the urethra). UTIs are generally classified as infections involving
the upper or lower urinary tract.

For infection to occur, bacteria must gain access to the bladder,
attach to and colonize the epithelium of the urinary tract to avoid
being washed out with voiding, evade host defense mechanisms,
and initiate inflammation. Most UTIs result from fecal organisms
that ascend from the perineum to the urethra and the bladder
and then adhere to the mucosal surfaces.

#urinaryinfection #urinarytract #urinarysystem

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