Arabic Language: Foreign Languages:
Short Vowels in Arabic | Fat'ha | Dammah | Kasrah | Sukoon:
Hello Everyone, Marhaban and Thank You for watching Edupedia World videos. The short vowels by Hiba Abou Al Niaj.
In this lesson, we are going to talk about short vowels. So what are they?
Like English, Arabic has both Vowels and Consonants, but the short vowels in Arabic are not actual letters. They are just symbols that you place on top of or below consonants. Arabic has three short vowels and they are - :
Fathah
Dammah
Kasrah
Fathah is the equivalent of the short letter a in hat or cat. In Arabic script the Fathah is written as a small horizontal line above a consonant. So that line above Ba is called Fathah. The letter Ba with Fathah still the same sound. Still Ba. There is no change in its sound.
Lets Practice the consonants with Fathah. Read them out, then check your pronunciation. The letters with Fathah are A, Ba, Ta, Tha, Ja, Ha, Kha, Da, The, Ra, Za, Sa, Sha, Sa, Dha, Th, Za, A’a, Gha, Fa, Qa, Ka, La, Ma, Na, Ha, Wa and Ya.
Dammah - The second main Arabic vowel is Dammah, Dammah sound like uh in book. In Arabic script it is written like a tiny backward e above a particular consonant. So, this small sign is called Dammah, It looks like small WA.
Ba with Dammah, it sound will be Bu.
And now lets practice the consonants with Dammah. Read them out, then check your answers.
Theletters with Dammah are Uh, Bu, Tu, Thu, Ju, Hu, Khu, Du, Thu, Ru, Zu, Su, Shu, Su, Dhu, Tu, Zhu, A’u, Ghu, Fu, Qu, Ku, Lu, Mu, Nu, Hu, Wu and Uu,
Kasrah - The third main vowel is Kasrah, which sounds like "i" in sink and dip. The Kasrah is written in the same way as Fathah, as a small horizontal line, except that it goes underneath the consonants. So this line underneath Ba is called Kasrah Ba with Kasrah, the sound of it is Be. Let’s practice the consonants with Kasrah. Read them out then check your answer.
The letters with kasrah are, E, Bi, Ti, Thi, Gi, Hi, Khi, Di, Dhi, Ri, Zi, Si, Shi, Si, Dhi, Ti, Zhi, I’i, Ghi, Fi, Qi, Ki, Li, Mi, Ni, Hi, Wi and Yi.
Now I will talk about Sukoon. Sukoon is the small circle over the letter. It is brought over a letter when no sound should be pronounced after the letter. Example, it is like sound in sky. Lets see how to pronounce the following letters with Sukoon. Sha with Sukoon is Shhh. La with Sukoon is Il. Ma with Sukoon is Mm and Na with Sukoon is Nn.
Well to understand the idea of Sukoon, lets try to read two letters words, the first letter has Fathah
while the second letter has Sukoon.
Try to read them then listen to my pronunciation. The words are Aai, Waz, Raj, All, Raf, Daq, Zai, Dam and Zal.
Well, as a conclusion Fathah is a short vowel, it means an opening, so you have to open your mouth wide, when you say any letter with Fathah. It is a short line over the letter, its sound is A. Like Ta with
Fathah is Ta.
Dammah: Dammah is another short vowel it means a closing. So you close your mouth when you say any letter with Dammah. It is a small Wa over the letter and it sound as oo. So Ta with Dammah is Tu.
Kasrah: Kasrah means a breaking and it is a short vowel and you place it under the letter, It sound is e.
So Kasrah along with Ta give the sound Ti.
For Sukoon, Sukoon means static and your mouth is static when you say a letter with Sukoon. It is a small circle above the letter. Ta with Sukoon is It.
Well! Now I will show you a mark that is shown in Arabic script, it is called Shaddah. Shaddah the symbol of shaddah is like w small w over the letter.
Where is Shaddah used?
Shaddah is used like Fat'ha, Dhammah, Kasrah, Sukoon over consonants.
The Question is: Does Shaddah have a sound?
You have to read the letter that has Shaddah with stress? (Like a double letter in English)
Example - This word in Arabic is Kataba. If we add Shaddah on the top of Ta it will be Kattaba, with stress on Ta. This is all about Shaddah.
Now its time to test yourselves, read out the following consonants and then you check your pronunciation. The letters are Ja, Zi, I’i, Uq, E, Ti, Ra, Thi, Za, Hu, Bu, The, Sa, Ki, Hu, Nu, Sha, Wa, Fi, Hu,
Al, Sa, Ya, Dhu, mm, Gha, Tu and Da. Alright, by the way, the short vowels and the marks are very important as they can change the meaning of any word.
Well, thats all about the short vowels and the marks that can be used in Arabic Script.
Thank you for watching and be ready for the next lesson.
Shukran Lil Mutaba’a. Wa illal Liqaaq.
Three short vowels of Arabic,
Description of Fat'ha
Consonants with fat'ha
Description of Dammah
Consonants with Dammah
Description of Kasrah
Consonants with kasrah
Description of Sukoon
Words with sukoon
Summary of the taught topics
Description of Shaddah
Practice for Pronunciation
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