"Lupang Hinirang” is the national anthem of the Philippines. Its music was composed in 1898 by Julián Felipe, and the lyrics were adapted from the Spanish poem Filipinas, written by José Palma in 1899.
The anthem first began as incidental music which President Emilio Aguinaldo commissioned for use in the proclamation of Philippine independence from Spain. This task was given to Julián Felipe and was to replace a march which Aguinaldo had deemed unsatisfactory. The original title of this new march was Marcha Filipina-Magdalo ("Philippine-Magdalo March"), and was later changed to Marcha Nacional Filipina ("Philippine National March") upon its adoption as the national anthem of the First Philippine Republic on June 11, 1898, a day before independence was to be proclaimed.
Felipe said that he had based his composition on three other musical pieces: the Marcha Real, which is the current Spanish national anthem; the Grand March from Giuseppe Verdi's Aida; and the French national anthem, La Marseillaise. It was played by the Banda San Francisco de Malabón (now called the Banda Matanda, from present-day General Trias) during the proclamation rites on June 12.
In August 1899, the soldier and writer José Palma penned the Spanish poem Filipinas during his stay in Casa Hacienda in Bautista, Pangasinan. The poem was published for the first time for the first anniversary of the newspaper La Independencia on September 3, 1899, and was subsequently set to the tune of the Marcha Nacional Filipina.
Following the defeat of the First Republic in the Philippine–American War and the subsequent colonial rule of the United States, the Flag Act of 1907 prohibited the public display of flags, banners, emblems, or devices used by the Philippine Republican Army during the war. Under the Flag Act, public performance of the national march was prohibited.
Upon repeal of the Flag Act in 1919, the national march regained its popular status as the national anthem of the Philippines. The Insular Government decided to translate the hymn from its original Spanish version to the English version. The first translation was written around that time by the renowned poet Paz Márquez Benítez of the University of the Philippines.
The most popular translation, called the Philippine Hymn, was written by Senator Camilo Osías and an American, Mary A. Lane. In the 1920s, the time signature in performance was changed from 2/4 to 4/4 to facilitate its singing and the key was changed from the original C major to G. However, this change was not codified into law. The anthem was played alongside the United States anthem, The Star-Spangled Banner, which was adopted in 1931. It was played alongside each other until the country's eventual independence in 1946.
Following the establishment of self-rule under the Commonwealth of the Philippines, Commonwealth Act № 382, approved on September 5, 1938, officially adopted the musical arrangement and composition by Julián Felipe as the national anthem.
Beginning in the 1940s, the anthem was also translated to the national language. The current Filipino lyrics, written in 1956, were adopted and made official subject to a slight revision in the 1960s. On February 12, 1998, Republic Act № 8491 was passed, codifying the current Filipino lyrics into law.
([ Ссылка ])
This recording of the Spanish lyrics was performed by Guillermo Gomez-Rivera for his album Nostalgia Filipina.
---------------
SOURCES
Audio: [ Ссылка ]
Images:
"Philippines Aguinaldo flag (obverse)". Retrieved from [ Ссылка ].svg#mw-jump-to-license
"Seal of the First Philippine Republic". Retrieved from [ Ссылка ]
"Opening of the Malolos Congress (1898)". Retrieved from [ Ссылка ]
---------------
Subscribe to my Youtube channel: [ Ссылка ]
Join my Discord server: [ Ссылка ]
Follow my Instagram account: [ Ссылка ]
