When people think of Arizona, they tend to not think of volcanoes or their associated lava tubes. Yet, the state contains two volcanoes and one lava tube which is almost a mile in length. Located in Flagstaff, this feature is known as the Lava River Cave and formed 700,000 years ago. This feature is merely one small part of the much larger active San Francisco volcanic field which has been erupting intermittently for several million years.

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Graphics of eruption dates are courtesy of the Global Volcanism Program, Smithsonian Institution. [ Ссылка ]
Images with a list of eruption dates have their dates sources from the GVP of the Smithsonian Institution.

Google Earth imagery used in this video: ©Google & Data Providers

Thumbnail Photo Credit: Brady Smith, US Forest Service, Coconino National Forest, Ariz., User: coconinonationalforest, Flickr, Public Domain

Sources:
[1] Global Volcanism Program, 2013. San Francisco Volcanic Field (329020) in Volcanoes of the World, v. 4.11.1 (18 Aug 2022). Venzke, E (ed.). Smithsonian Institution. Downloaded 30 Aug 2022 ([ Ссылка ]). [ Ссылка ]
[2] Siler, D.L., Faulds, J.E., Glen, J.M.G., Hinz, N.H., Witter, J.B., Blake, Kelly, Queen, John, and Fortuna, Mark, 2019,
Three-dimensional geologic map of the southern Carson Sink, Nevada, including the Fallon FORGE area: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3437, 22 p., 1 sheet, [ Ссылка ].
[3] Global Volcanism Program, 2013. Uinkaret Field (329010) in Volcanoes of the World, v. 4.11.1 (18 Aug 2022). Venzke, E (ed.). Smithsonian Institution. Downloaded 31 Aug 2022 ([ Ссылка ]). [ Ссылка ]

Creative Commons Licenses:
CC BY 3.0: [ Ссылка ]

Creative Commons (CC BY 3.0) video used in this educational segment: Boris Behncke, INGV, [ Ссылка ], [ Ссылка ], Youtube Creative Commons

0:00 A Lava Tube Forms Live
1:33 Location of the Lava Tube
1:48 San Francisco Volcanic Field
2:21 Basalt Volcanics
2:39 Lava Tube Source
3:17 Lava Tube Formation
3:59 Conclusion

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