Short lecture on the rovibrational spectra of diatomic molecules.
The rotational and vibrational energy levels of diatomic molecules can be modeled using the rigid rotor and harmonic oscillator model systems. The selection rules for rovibrational absorption spectroscopy is that the vibrational quantum number n increases by 1, and the rotational quantum number J changes by +1 (R branch) or -1 (P branch). These transitions occur in the infrared (IR) region due to the typical value of vibrational constants (1000's of cm^-1). R branch and P branch peaks are separated by 2B (rotational constant) just as in microwave spectroscopy.
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