This initiative of the Team Bare Law of providing audiobooks for important legislation and topics in the field of law. We have given it a great start with the Audiobook of the Constitution of India.
In these audiobooks, you will be able to learn the important terms of the Fundamental Rights given under the Indian Constitution while doing your work. This video has the audio of the Fundamental Rights along with the subtitles written, we hope this will help you in learning the important terms and you can memories it in a very convenient way. This is focused on the Right to Equality given under articles 14-18 in the part-III of the Indian Constitution.
The Right to equality means the absence of legal discrimination only on grounds of caste, race, religion, sex, and place of birth and ensures equal rights to all citizens. It is considered a basic feature of the Indian Constitution. The Right to equality is both positive equalities as well as a negative right.
Under the Indian Constitution, the Right to equality is divided into the following subheadings:
Equality before law (Article 14)
Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, caste, race, sex, or place of birth (Article 15)
Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment (Article 16)
Abolition of untouchability (Article 17)
Abolition of titles (Article 18)
Under the Right to Equality, Article 14 provides a general application whereas Art. 15, Art. 16, Art. 17 and Art. 18 have a specific application.
The Right to Equality is one of the chief guarantees of the Constitution. It is embodied in Articles 14–16, which collectively encompass the general principles of equality before the law and non-discrimination, and Articles 17–18 which collectively encompass further the philosophy of social equality.
Article 14
Article 14 guarantees equality before the law as well as equal protection of the law to all people within the territory of India. This includes the equal subjection of all persons to the authority of law, as well as equal treatment of persons in similar circumstances. The latter permits the State to classify persons for legitimate purposes, provided there is a reasonable basis for the same, meaning that the classification is required to be non-arbitrary, based on a method of intelligible differentiation among those sought to be classified, as well as have a rational relation to the object sought to be achieved by the classification.
Article 15
Article 15 prohibits discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth, or any of them. This right can be enforced against the State as well as private individuals, with regard to free access to places of public entertainment or places of public resort maintained partly or wholly out of State funds. However, the State is not precluded from making special provisions for women and children or any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens, including the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. This exception has been provided since the classes of people mentioned therein are considered deprived and in need of special protection.
Article 16
Article 16 guarantees equality of opportunity in matters of public employment and prevents the State from discriminating against anyone in matters of employment on the grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, place of residence, or any of them. It creates exceptions for the implementation of measures of affirmative action for the benefit of any backward class of citizens in order to ensure adequate representation in public service, as well as reservation of an office of any religious institution for a person professing that particular religion.
Article 17[
Article 17 abolishes the practice of untouchability in any form, making it an offense punishable by law. The Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955 was enacted by Parliament to further this objective.
Article 18
Article 18 prohibits the State from conferring any titles other than military or academic distinctions, and the citizens of India cannot accept titles from a foreign state. Thus, Indian aristocratic titles and titles of nobility conferred by the British have been abolished. However, Military and academic distinctions can be conferred on the citizens of India. The awards of Bharat Ratna and Padma Vibhushan cannot be used by the recipient as a title and do not, accordingly, come within the constitutional prohibition". The Supreme Court, on 15 December 1995, upheld the validity of such awards.
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