Many developmental disabilities are formed prior to birth. Infection, injury, or other causes can also result in developmental disabilities. The most common types of developmental disabilities are intellectual disability such as Down Syndrome, cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorders, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Genetic conditions and family history can indicate potential intellectual disabilities or likelihood of developing autism, for instance.
The degree of intellectual disability can vary greatly from one child to the next. Typically, intellectual disabilities are present when a person’s ability to learn is limited. Children will often be unable to keep up with the expected level of comprehension or may face difficulty with self-care tasks. Some signs of intellectual disabilities in infancy would be latency in learning things like how to crawl, walk, or talk. Birth defects, fetal alcohol syndrome, fragile X syndrome, and other causes of intellectual disabilities can occur before or after birth.
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