While discrete variables (DVs) of light such as polarizations and photon numbers are used for quantum information, one may also view the structure of a quantized field in a continuous-variable (CV) phase space. This opens diverse possibilities to encode, process, and measure quantum information. Both DV-based and CV-based approaches have long been employed to investigate nonclassical features of quantum states as well as to implement quantum information technologies. Combining both the approaches would provide powerful tools for those quests. I will discuss attempts to maximize such advantages of the two approaches particularly in view of fault-tolerant quantum computing, which allows one to reach remarkably high fault-tolerance thresholds using specific types of qubit encoding.

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