Bacteroides vulgatus (now reclassified as Phocaeicola vulgatus) is a Gram-negative, obligate anaerobic bacterium commonly found in the human gut microbiome. Here are some key points about this bacterium:
Characteristics
Cell Structure: Rod-shaped, non-motile, and non-spore-forming.
Anaerobic Nature: Thrives in environments devoid of oxygen.
Bile Resistance: Can grow in the presence of bile, which is why it is often found in the gastrointestinal tract.
Mesophilic: Optimal growth temperature is around 37°C.
Role in the Gut
Digestive Aid: Contributes to the breakdown of complex carbohydrates and polysaccharides.
Microbiome Balance: Helps maintain a balanced gut microbiome and supports overall gut health.
Probiotic Potential: Investigated for its potential use as a probiotic due to its beneficial effects on digestion and gut health.
Medical Relevance
Opportunistic Pathogen: While generally beneficial, it can cause infections if it translocates to sterile areas of the body.
Inflammatory Diseases: Associated with both protecting against and worsening certain inflammatory diseases.
Research and Future Directions
Genomic Studies: Ongoing research aims to better understand its role in the gut microbiome and its potential applications in medicine.
Model Organism: Considered a potential model organism for gut microbiome research due to its prevalence and importance in the gut
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