Renfe's class 449 Series or TEMD (Medium Distance Electric Train) is the numbering given to the series of electric cars manufactured by CAF for Medium Distance routes. The first Renfe s449 units were delivered in the first months of 2009 and the first Renfe class 449 tests were carried out at different points, such as Pamplona and Seville, at the same time proceeding with the training of the drivers.

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In July 2006, Renfe Operadora awarded CAF the construction of 57 five-car electric vehicles with shared bogies and multiple controls that allow compositions of up to three units (fifteen cars). The original contract consisted of two batches of vehicles: one of 23 trains that would run exclusively on Iberian gauge and another of 34 vehicles that would be prepared to run on UIC gauge tracks. Subsequently, CAF and Renfe reached an agreement to build the 57 identical vehicles. In principle, all units will circulate only in Iberian gauge, but they have pre-installations for the safety equipment and the necessary elements to install bogies in UIC gauge (or bogies with Brava gauge change). The initial differentiation between vehicles led to the 34 units that had the possibility of going in UIC gauge unofficially called Series 140. The probably definitive numbering of the 57 vehicles manufactured corresponds to Renfe's class 449 series, 1 filling up thus the gap that had been created between the electrotenes 448 and the double-deck units 450.

Renfe's class 449 series are units made up of 5 cars with a shared bogie (one bogie between two cars) for Medium Distance services.
Each unit has 263 seated places and 288 standing places, which means a maximum capacity of 551 passengers. Likewise, it has traveler services, such as an area for people with reduced mobility (PRM), a bicycle rack and a vending machine. However, standing seats are only marketed in Catalonia, in the rest of the regions seating is guaranteed for all travelers.
In railway slang they are known as "sea breams" because of the frontal aspect they offer.

Technical data
Generalities
The maximum speed for the 57 units is 160 km/h. With some modifications, they could use a 25 kV ac catenary, under which they could reach 200 km/h.
The Renfe class 449 series shares many elements with the Civia 465 but has important differences. Although the dimensions of the boxes are similar to those of the Civia 465, aesthetically it is different, it changes the front to be similar to the diesel 599 series, with a certain rounding and with a lid that opens in two horizontally halves. This has earned it the nickname of sea bream due to the appearance when driving with the lid open.
The class 449 series has two three-phase traction and brake units using inverters with reverse voltage 6.5 kV IPM semiconductors, capable of regenerative braking (they recover energy from the catenary). In addition, the train has braking resistors, like the rest of the electrical units.

Each unit has 6 three-phase asynchronous traction motors, with squirrel cage rotor, with a power of 400 kW at 2250V. Each traction equipment controls 3 motors.
The traction motors are distributed as follows:
2 engines in the rear bogies of the extreme cars, shared with the cars that carry the pantographs.
1 engine in the bogie shared between the cars carrying the pantographs and the PMR car.

The award to CAF in July 2006 for 24 + 37 electric vehicles was for €493.4 M, of which 324.1 correspond to manufacturing and the rest to maintenance (14 years) with a delivery period of July 2008 until February 2011. In € of December 2006, the cost per unit (5.77 M€) and cost per seat (21,948€) are significantly lower than those of the regional diesel trains 598 and 599 and only ~ 20% higher than those of the five-car Civia 465 commuter units.
On the other hand, the costs are also lower than those of other modern electric cars with a speed of 160 km / h, such as the AGC from SNCF and the Flirt from Stadler.
It should be understood that the purchase contract for the class 449 series only foresees, through "pre-installations", the possible transformation of 34 units (subsequently renegotiated to 57 units) to UIC gauge, 25 kV and 200 km / h of vmax. The transformation itself will incur additional costs.

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Miniature photography: Készítette: Hanspore - A feltöltő saját munkája, CC BY 3.0, [ Ссылка ]

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