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Osteopenia refers to a condition in which the patient develops lower bone mineral density (BMD) than normal compared to others of similar age (Zhou, Liu, Qin, & Liu, 2020). Usually, a person of 35 years old has a peak bone mineral density level. Bone mineral density indicates the mass and strength of the bone. This process helps to measure the amount of minerals present in the bone. Physicians can estimate the chances of breaking a bone by measuring bone mineral density.
People with osteopenia usually have lower levels of bone mineral density and have a higher risk of breaking a bone. Osteopenia itself won’t show any signs or symptoms but increases the chances of developing osteoporosis. Osteoporosis refers to another clinical condition that weakens the bone and makes it easier to break. This condition develops slowly over many years and leads to fractures. Studies show that every 3 seconds an osteoporotic fracture occurs among patients. (Zhou et al., 2020).
Osteopenia usually develops as the inside of your bones lose calcium, mostly after 50 years of age (Ramin et al., 2018). Some actions taken earlier in life can easily prevent osteopenia. Physicians recommend adopting the proper diet and exercise to keep the bones strong. Peoples with stronger bones have less chance to develop osteopenia in older age. Due to lower estrogen levels, women can quickly develop osteopenia after menopause. Adoption of some healthy measures to prevent osteopenia eventually reduces the risk of developing osteoporosis.

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