#medicaleducation #clindamycin #metronidazole #drnajeeb #pharmacology

Clindamycin vs Metronidazole | Anaerobic Infection | Pharmacology💊

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▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Contents of this video ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:25 why is it important?
00:01:06 preferences
00:01:50 basics and concepts
00:03:48 questions
00:06:35 anaerobic gram negative bacteria
00:10:45 importance of bacteroides fragilis
00:11:25 anaerobic gram positive bacteria
00:15:58 normal microbiota
00:16:50 orophayngeal and gut microbiota
00:17:50 why there is division above and below diaphragm
00:18:20 infections through oral cavity
00:22:58 bacteroides non-fragilis distinction
00:24:33 quick review
00:25:52 microaerophilic streptococci and aerobic streptococci
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Clindamycin is an antibiotic medication used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections, including osteomyelitis (bone) or joint infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, strep throat, pneumonia, acute otitis media (middle ear infections), and endocarditis. It can also be used to treat acne, and some cases of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In combination with quinine, it can be used to treat malaria. It is available by mouth, by injection into a vein, and as a cream or a gel to be applied to the skin or in the vagina.

Common side effects include nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, rashes, and pain at the site of injection. It increases the risk of hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile colitis about fourfold and thus is only recommended when other antibiotics are not appropriate. Alternative antibiotics may be recommended as a result It appears to be generally safe in pregnancy. It is of the lincosamide class and works by blocking bacteria from making protein.

Clindamycin was first made in 1966 from lincomycin. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a generic medication. In 2020, it was the 125th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 5 million prescriptions.

Metronidazole, sold under the brand name Flagyl among others, is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication. It is used either alone or with other antibiotics to treat pelvic inflammatory disease, endocarditis, and bacterial vaginosis. It is effective for dracunculiasis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis, and amebiasis. It is an option for a first episode of mild-to-moderate Clostridium difficile colitis if vancomycin or fidaxomicin is unavailable. Metronidazole is available orally (by mouth), as a cream or gel, and by slow intravenous infusion (injection into a vein).

Common side effects include nausea, a metallic taste, loss of appetite, and headaches. Occasionally seizures or allergies to the medication may occur. Some state that metronidazole should not be used in early pregnancy, while others state doses for trichomoniasis are safe.[weasel words] Metronidazole is generally considered compatible with breastfeeding.

Metronidazole began to be commercially used in 1960 in France. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available in most areas of the world. In 2020, it was the 222nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions.
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