The Parthian (from Parthia, whose empire essentially substituted the earlier Persian Empire from 247 BC- AD 224), in Roman art is depicted to show the Roman foe from Parthia in a submissive light, kneeling or with hands held together. The marble used is often colored to express Roman imperial power and distinguish the Parthian (and other non-Roman "barbarians", like the Dacians) as the other, non-Roman. Nevertheless, this foe, with unkempt beard, trousers and identifiable Phyrgian cap, is a worthy adversary of the Roman Empire.

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