Congestive heart failure (congestive heart failure CHF) pathophysiology, treatments, and symptoms nursing lecture on heart failure for nursing students. This congestive heart failure NCLEX review with give you mnemonics on how to remember the causes of heart failure and the different types of heart failure, such as left-sided or right-side heart failure. I also discuss the pathophysiology of both left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction along with right-sided dysfunction. Signs and symptoms of heart failure affecting the left-side are pulmonary in nature with the patient experience, dyspnea, crackles, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. Whereas, the signs and symptoms of right-sided heart failure are peripheral in nature with the patient experiencing swelling of the liver, hands, feet, abdomen nocturia, and jugular venous distention. Tests used to diagnose heart failure include a blood test called BNP, echo-cardiogram, heart catheterization, chest x-ray, or nuclear stress test. Left-sided heart failure is the most common type of heart failure and can lead to right-sided heart failure. Patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction have low ejection fractions (EFs) compared to patients with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction who may have a normal ejection fraction. Don't forget to check out the other cardiovascular NCLEX reviews.
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