One of the most infamous penitentiaries of the American Civil War was Camp Sumter, or Andersonville Prison, in Andersonville, Sumter County, Georgia. This Confederate jail was one of the deadliest places during the war, and while only in operation for less than a year and a half, its place in the annals of history marks it as one of the most notorious and horrific locations in the United States during the American Civil War.

The prison was erected by about 900 slaves, pressed into service by the Confederacy, and a 15-foot wooden wall was constructed to enclose 16½ acres of land. Along the fortification were towers, or “pigeon roosts,” built approximately every 30 yards apart that overlooked the grounds. As the population of the prison grew, it forced the Confederates to extend the grounds an additional 10 acres in the summer of 1864. Andersonville truly had the most horrid conditions of any Civil War prison. Inmate gangs, horrid disease and lice and contaminated drinking water, with little to no food.

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