Noble Drew Ali- A History Before And After The Turkish Fez
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"The inhabitants of Africa," averred the Moorish Holy Koran, "are the descendants of the ancient Canaanites from the land of Canaan" (ancient Palestine, presumably located in West Asia). The eventual founders of the Moroccan empire, the Moabites from the land of Moab in turn "received permission from the Pharaohs of Egypt to settle and inhabit North-West Africa, and were joined by "their Canaanite, Hittite and Amorite brethren seeking new homes." Hence, claimed the Koran Questions for Moorish Americans, "Moroccans" was the modern name for the ancient Moabites. But how had biblical Moabites, who inhabited what is
seems, was now the nationstate of Jordan, become modern-day Moroccans occupying the northwest corner of the African continent? Noble Drew Ali's intention, to lay claim to the grandeur of the former Moorish empire while at the same time grounding Moorish American identity in biblical antiquity. From the scriptures Prophet Ali extracted a Moabite identity for African Americans, but his real goal, or so it appears, was to appropriate the more recently arrived and decidedly non-biblical Morabites, or Almoravids
—an error no doubt
attributable to post-vocalic -r deletion in African-American speech patterns (Ebonics be praised!). The term Morabite was derived from the Arabic word murabti, meaning "bound," as in a religious order. Murabti was the name assumed by North African Muslims who submitted to a purified Islamic doctrine during the period spanning the mid-eleventh to the mid-twelfth centuries. After conquering North Africa, the Murabtin (Almoravids) traversed the Straits of Magellan (Gibraltar?) and gave renewed impetus to the Moorish empire in Spain. Hence Morabites were indeed Moors who inhabited the northwestern shores of Africa and beyond. And were it actually possible for Moorish Americans to trace their ancestry directly to the Moors of Morocco, Morabite
—but not Moabite—ancestors likely would be found among them.

The word "Moor" has its origin in 46 B.C. when the Romans invaded North Africa. They called the inhabitants they met there Maures from the Greek word mauros, meaning dark or black. The word indicated more than one ethnic group. To Shakespeare "Moor" simply meant "black African." It is important to point out that the medieval Moors who conquered Europe should not be confused with the modern Moors aka "Moorish Americans".

In Ross Brann's article "The Moors?" he considers the meaning and significance of Moorish identity in literary works, film, and scholarship. Brann notes that even today the figure is "employed regularly in academic circles and in popular culture without much question or reflection" and "without clarification of who precisely the Moors are". Recounting a history of the uses of the term Moor, he explains that "Andalusi Arabic sources—as opposed to later mudéjar and morisco sources in Aljamiado—neither refer to individuals as Moors nor recognize any such group, community or culture". Moor is a term applied from the outside, by Europeans, yet "unlike relatively stable terms of Roman provenance inherited by Christians such as Arab, Ishmaelite and Saracen," the significance of the term varies in particular historical moments and shifts over time.

Early in the history of al-Andalus, Moor signified "Berber" as a geographic and ethnic identity. Later writing, however, from twelfth- and thirteenth-century Christian kingdoms, demonstrates the "transformation of Moor from a term signifying Berber into a general term referring primarily to Muslims (regardless of ethnicity) living in recently conquered Christian lands and secondarily to those residing in what was still left of al-Andalus".

Moors are not a distinct or self-defined people. The 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica observed that "The term 'Moors' has no real ethnological value." Europeans of the Middle Ages and the early modern period variously applied the name to Arabs, North African Berbers, as well as Muslim Europeans.

The term has also been used in Europe in a broader, somewhat derogatory sense to refer to Muslims in general, especially those of Arab or Berber descent, whether living in Spain or North Africa.

In medieval Romance languages, variations of the Latin word for the Moors (for instance, Italian and Spanish: moro, French: maure, Portuguese: mouro, Romanian: maur) developed different applications and connotations. The term initially denoted a specific Berber people in western Libya, but the name acquired more general meaning during the medieval period, associated with "Muslim", similar to associations with "Saracens".

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