Chad gives a thorough presentation on Ortho-Para directors and Meta Directors in EAS Reactions. He begins by identifying electron-donating groups and electron-withdrawing groups and showing how electron-donating groups are activating groups in EAS reactions, whereas electron-withdrawing groups are deactivating. He provides a table of benzene substituents which can be used to predict relative rates of reactivity in EAS reactions. Chad shows how electron-donating groups stabilize the sigma complex intermediate in EAS reactions, whereas electron-withdrawing groups destabilize the sigma complex.

He then shows how electron-donating groups stabilize the sigma complex most when substitution occurs at the ortho and para positions explaining why they are ortho-para directors. He then shows how most electron-withdrawing groups destabilize the sigma complex the most when substitution occurs at the ortho and para positions explaining why they are meta directors. He also points out how halogens are the exceptions in that they are ortho-para directors though electron-withdrawing groups.

Finally, Chad shows several examples of how to predict the products of EAS reactions with substituted benzenes.

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00:00 Lesson Introduction
00:54 EAS Activating Groups vs EAS Deactivating Groups
07:32 EAS Electron-Donating Groups | EAS Ortho-Para Directors
19:46 Halogens: EAS Electron-Withdrawing Groups and EAS Ortho-Para Directors
22:23 EAS Meta Directors
25:37 Special Reactivity of Aminobenzenes in EAS Reactions
28:54 EAS Predicting the Products Example #1
30:54 EAS Predicting the Products Example #2
32:38 EAS Predicting the Products Example #3
33:24 EAS Predicting the Products Example #4
36:28 EAS Predicting the Products Example #5

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