Various methods of suggestive seizure manipulation (SSM) including activation and provocation techniques are employed by neurologists to diagnose psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES). William Curt LaFrance Jr, MD, MPH, FAAN, FANPA, DFAPA, Brown University, Providence, RI, discusses standardized approaches in SSM. A survey amongst clinicians revealed a variety of procedures used, with some using a mix of activation and provocation methods. A number of neurologists also deliberately misinformed patients when administering SSM, which raises ethical concerns. This interview was conducted during the 2022 World Congress on Controversies in Neurology (CONy) meeting.
