Pneumonia: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment & Prevention
Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs (alveoli) in one or both lungs, causing them to fill with fluid or pus, leading to symptoms such as cough, fever, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Risk factors include age extremes (children under 2 and adults over 65), smoking, weakened immunity, and environmental exposures. Pneumonia can be bacterial (e.g., Streptococcus pneumoniae), viral (e.g., influenza, SARS-CoV-2), fungal, or aspiration-related. It is classified as community-acquired (CAP), hospital-acquired (HAP), or ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Diagnosis involves clinical assessment, chest X-rays, blood tests, and pathogen-specific investigations. Treatment includes antibiotics for bacterial causes, antivirals for viral infections, and antifungals for fungal pneumonia, alongside supportive care like oxygen therapy. Prevention focuses on vaccination (pneumococcal, influenza, COVID-19), good hygiene, smoking cessation, and measures to avoid aspiration.
#Pneumonia #Pneumoniasymptoms #Pneumoniacauses #Pneumoniatreatment #pneumoniaawareness
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