A Thyristor is a four-layered semiconductor rectifier in which the flow of current between two electrodes is triggered by a signal at a third electrode. A thyristor usually has three electrodes: an anode, a cathode, and a gate. Thyristors are primarily designed to amplify and rectify the electrical currents that flow in high-powered electronic devices. A thyristor's four layers consist of a series of N and P-type material that connect with the anode, cathode and a logic gate. When a current is applied at the gate, the thyristor allows an amplified current to flow form anode to cathode. Although thrysitors can only transmit currents in one direction, they have three different operating modes: reverse blocking, forward blocking and forward conducting.

The most common type of thyristor is the silicon-controlled rectifier or SCR. When the cathode is negatively charged relative to the anode, no current flows until a pulse is applied to the gate. Then the SCR begins to conduct, and continues to conduct until the voltage between the cathode and anode is reversed or reduced below a certain threshold value. Using this type of thyristor, large amounts of power can be switched or controlled using a small triggering current or voltage.

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