CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 10 - Light Reflection and Refraction - Sign convention for spherical lenses - the complete plane in which the image formation is taking place is considered to be the Cartesian plane and has the x and y axis. The lens is placed i such a way the the origin of the plane coincides with the optical center of the mirror. The object is always placed to the left of the mirror that is on the -ve x axis, hence the distance of the object from the origin is always calculated in -ve value. The distance of the object is always measured from the y axis and not from the surface of the lens as the distance between the surface of the lens and the y axis is considered negligible.

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