Moses, the biblical patriarch who led the people of Israel to the promised land.
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Moses is a biblical character of extreme importance and relevance, both in Judaism and Christianity. He is known as the great leader and prophet chosen by God to free the people of Israel from slavery in Egypt and lead them through the desert towards the Promised Land to establish the covenant between God and the people through the Ten Commandments. Moses is portrayed as a courageous, charismatic man with deep religious principles. He is recognized for his role as a mediator between God and the people of Israel, transmitting divine laws and guidance, thus serving as a spiritual leader. Moses is also believed to be the author of the first five books of the Bible, known as the Pentateuch or Torah. His story encompasses various notable episodes, such as the Exodus from Egypt, the Crossing of the Red Sea, the reception of the Ten Commandments on Mount Sinai, and the leadership of the people during their journey in the desert. Moses is remembered as an exemplary leader, with an intimate relationship with God and a crucial mission in shaping the people of Israel and preserving their religious and cultural identity. His figure is referenced, and his influence endures to this day.
According to biblical accounts, Moses was born around 1526 BCE, during the period when the people of Israel were enslaved in Egypt. Although we don't have an exact date, historical studies and chronological interpretations suggest this birthdate. To protect him, his mother placed him in a basket and left him on the banks of the Nile. There, he was found by the daughter of a Pharaoh, who adopted him as her own son and raised him in the royal court. Moses's adoptive mother was named Princess Hatshepsut, the daughter of Pharaoh Thutmose I, a general famous for legendary military battles, and his mother was named Amosis.
According to the story, she was enchanted by the boy and adopted him as her own. Moses lived in the Egyptian court for forty years, during which his adoptive mother played a significant role in his life, teaching him the basics and guiding him. When Moses was an adult, he witnessed an Egyptian mistreating a Hebrew. Filled with indignation, he ended up killing the aggressor. Realizing that the Pharaoh would discover his crime, Moses fled Egypt and found refuge in the land of Midian. There, he established a new life as a shepherd and married Zipporah, the daughter of Jethro, a Midianite priest. It was during this period of tranquility that God called Moses to a grand mission. Through a burning bush, God revealed Himself to Moses and entrusted him with the task of liberating his people from slavery in Egypt and leading them to the promised land: Canaan.
The burning bush, belonging to a type of Acacia, is a shrub described in a passage in the Bible in the book of Exodus. According to the narrative, the bush was burning in flames but was not consumed by them. In the biblical account, the burning bush is where Moses was summoned by God to lead the Israelites out of Egypt towards Canaan. Many scholars attribute to this episode the Hebrews' special appreciation for the Acacia tree. All the sacred furniture of the Tabernacle, including the Ark of the Covenant itself, used the wood of the bush, indicated to Moses by divine revelations, as the main raw material.
Initially reluctant and insecure about his abilities, Moses received special signs and powers from God to confirm the authenticity of his mission. With God's staff in hand, Moses returned to Egypt and confronted the Pharaoh, demanding the release of the Hebrews. However, the Pharaoh refused to yield, and as a result, God sent a series of devastating plagues to Egypt to convince the ruler to set the Hebrew people free. After ten terrible plagues, including the death of the Egyptian firstborns, the Pharaoh finally allowed the Hebrews to depart. Moses then led his people on a journey through the desert, facing various challenges along the way. God was constantly present, guiding Moses and the people with a pillar of clouds during the day and a pillar of fire at night.
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