🌍 Have you ever imagined what lies at the edge of our galaxy?
The Milky Way has captivated human eyes since the dawn of time. It remains magnificent and fascinating on a dark night, whether you're in the middle of the desert or on top of a mountain. On beautiful summer nights, devoid of light pollution, we can follow its path through the celestial vault without even needing an observation instrument. It forms a wispy band around the entire sky. In this band, over 200 billion stars are gathered together. Of these, around 6,000 are detectable without binoculars or telescopes.
We've known since the 20th century that the Milky Way is our galaxy. This immense disk of stars is made up of a very luminous, compact central region, known as the bulge, and smaller spiral arms. The Milky Way has an estimated diameter of 100,000 light-years and a thickness of over 1,000 light-years. Since the 1990s, astronomers have discovered that our galaxy is not simply a spiral galaxy, but a barred spiral galaxy. It has a short bar of stars on either side of the central bulge.
The Milky Way is home to the solar system, and thus to the Earth. It is part of the Local Group itself attached to the Virgo supercluster belonging to Laniakea.




🔥 As a reminder, videos are published on SUNDAYS at 6pm.


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💥 On the edge of the Milky Way:
- The Milky Way is made up of main arms, each named after the constellation in which it lies. The brightest arm is located in Sagittarius, beyond which lies the galactic nucleus. The solar system, contrary to what has been thought for many years, is close to the inner edge of the Orion arm. All the arms lie in a plane defined by the galactic disk. The center of the core is bulging, and the globular clusters orbit around it in the halo region.

Seen from the front, the Milky Way resembles an enormous rosette. Most of its light comes from the arms that spiral out from the central bulge. The material of the arms is only slightly denser than that of the rest of the disk. If the spiral is visible, it's because the stars in it are very young and particularly bright. The Milky Way has four main spiral arms: the Perseus arm, the Ecu-Cross arm, the Sagittarius-Carina arm and the Ruler arm. The arm on which the Earth and our star the Sun are located is the Orion arm, which is a minor arm.

The space between each star is called the interstellar medium. It consists mainly of hydrogen and grains of dust. It accounts for between 10% and 15% of the Milky Way's visible mass, and is concentrated in the galactic disk. Its distribution is not homogeneous. Clouds of dense matter alternate with zones of very low density. Dust grains, which account for 1% of visible mass, are everywhere. These are small, solid grains with a diameter of 0.01 to 0.1 microns. They are composed of carbon, silicate or iron, and are surrounded by water ice and ammonia.

The spherical halo surrounds the disc and central bulb. It stretches over 100,000 light-years in diameter. Its density is very low, and decreases with distance from the disk. The halo is made up of globular clusters and isolated population II stars. They orbit the galactic center on trajectories that take them far from the disk. They do not follow the motion of the other stars in the disk, and their speed relative to the Sun is high.



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🎬 Today's program:
- 00:00 - Introduction
- 05:20 - Mapping the Milky Way
- 12:08 - The galactic center
- 14:56 - M2-9
- 16:02 - M71
- 17:02 - Omega centauri
- 21:50 - The solar system
- 23:50 - M42
- 26:06 - NGC 7000
- 27:44 - Alpha Cygni
- 29:40 - Pulsar de Vela
- 31:30 - NGC 7293
- 33:50 - NGC 3324 and NGC 3372
- 36:53 - NGC 4755
- 38:17 - Antares
- 40:26 - M7
- 43:15 - M4
- 46:50 - M20
- 48:28 - M8
- 50:05 - M57
- 52:26 - NGC 6397
- 56:00 - M17
- 58:00 - M11
- 01:00:00 - M10
- 01:00:00 - M12
- 01:02:15 - M16
- 01:03:45 - Crab nebula
- 01:08:53 - Rosette Nebula
- 01:14:05 - NGC 2264
- 01:15:25 - M92
- 01:16:29 - M13
- 01:18:44 - M80
- 01:20:53 - Lambda Scorpii / M14
- 01:21:41 - Palomar 1
- 01:22:11 - Rhô de Cassiopée


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