#MindBody Connection How Health, Thoughts, Feelings and Behaviors Interact with Dr. Dawn Elise Snipes helps you understand how thoughts, feelings and behaviors impact each other as well as your mental health. Prevent mental illness by improving health, addressing cognitive distortions and increasing happy emotions.
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HPA –Axis (Threat Response System)
– Secretion of adrenaline, norepinephrine and corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH)
– Cortisol is released
– Glutamate is released and GABA is inhibited
– Blood pressure increases
– Blood glucose is elevated
– Some 5HT receptors are activated, others are inhibited
Neurobiology of Attachment
– Hormones including dopamine, norepinephrine, cortisol, oxytocin and the serotonergic system modulate attachment
– Opioids may inhibit oxytocin and reduce feelings of social connection
– CNS receives a pain signal from the PNS (peripheral nervous system)
– This triggers the Autonomic Nervous System and HPA-Axis
– All pain “information” is transmitted via glutamate
– An “inflammatory soup” is created which results in signals to the CNS as well as initiating inflammation which releases substance P and causes vasodilation, leakage of proteins and fluids into the extracellular space near the terminal end of the nociceptor (swelling), and stimulation of immune cells
– Substance P is associated with depression and anxiety symptoms
Neurotransmitters Pain & Fatigue
– Serotonin
– 5-HT2A receptor produces anxiety, pain, insomnia
– 5HT1A receptors reduce anxiety, pain, insomnia
– Serotonin directly and indirectly regulates dopaminergic neurons
– GABA may decrease the perception of pain.
– Dopamine
– Helps relieve pain
– Increases energy
– Norepinephrine
– Activated during pain (emotional and physical) and causes decreased sensitivity to painful stimuli (hypoalgesia) and pain relief (analgesia).
– Mobilizes the brain and body for action
Gut-Brain Axis
– Up to 95% of some neurotransmitters are made in the gut
– The gut communicates with the brain via the vagus nerve, the enteric nervous system
– Lactobacillus produces acetylcholine
– Controls voluntary movement, memory, learning, and sleeping patterns. Excess can cause depression whereas deficiencies cause Dementia
– Candida, streptococcus, E. Coli and enterococcus produce 5HT
– Serratia (gram neg. bacteria) produces dopamine
– Lactobacillus, Bifidbacterium, candida and streptococcus secrete GABA and regulate endocannabinoid expression
– A healthy gut microbiome can decrease depression and anxiety, regulate sleep, appetite and improve cognition (1000 species)
– An unhealthy gut microbiome contributes to an exaggerated HPA-Axis response
Gut-Brain Axis
– The effect of acute stress is limited due to microbiota's long time relative stable state, but chronic stress can disturb this balance
– The structure of intestinal microbiota is strongly influenced by diet and environmental stressors
– Corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) plays an important role in changing intestinal permeability
– Research suggests that gut-brain axis dysfunction may be involved in the development of mood disorders, schizophrenia, addiction, and neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases as well as age-related cognitive decline*
– The treatment of these conditions may adversely affect the composition of intestinal microbiota since antipsychotics and antidepressants are antibacterial agents
Endocannabinoid System
– Clinical studies revealed altered endocannabinoid signaling in patients with chronic pain and depression
– Dysregulation is associated with...
Circadian Rhythms (Sleep!)
– Cortisol helps regulate our circadian rhythms, and circadian rhythms regulate cortisol levels.
Consequences of Chronic Stress
– In a state of chronic stress, the body does everything it can to survive leading to one of two situations:
– Hypercortisolism—The negative feedback mechanism doesn’t kick in to protect against ever present danger (Fight, Flee, Freeze)
– Hypocortisolism – The negative feedback mechanism kicks in too much to conserve energy for only the most severe emergencies (F-It) cheap ce
