On October 11th, a section of the Grimsvotn volcano began to rapidly subside and has since collapsed by more than 10 feet. A glacial flood is about to begin, which may end up triggering a new volcanic eruption. As a result, the alert level of Grimsvotn was raised from green to yellow. So, why do glacial floods known as "jökulhlaups" have the potential to trigger a volcanic eruption? This video will answer this question and discuss the ongoing volcanic activity.

If you would like to support this channel, consider becoming a patron at [ Ссылка ].

Another way to support this channel is to make an order via our gemstone and geology related etsy store at [ Ссылка ].

This channel's merch store is also on etsy at [ Ссылка ].

Graphics, tables, and images which contain eruption dates, lengths, and/or VEIs are sourced from (and sometimes courtesy of) the Global Volcanism Program, Smithsonian Institution (although sometimes with minor changes made by GeologyHub). [ Ссылка ]
Citation: Global Volcanism Program, 2013. Volcanoes of the World, v. 4.11.2 (02 Sep 2022). Venzke, E (ed.). Smithsonian Institution. Downloaded 12 Oct 2022. [ Ссылка ].

Source of Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) methodology and criteria: Newhall, C. G., and Self, S. (1982), The volcanic explosivity index (VEI) an estimate of explosive magnitude for historical volcanism, J. Geophys. Res., 87( C2), 1231– 1238, doi:10.1029/JC087iC02p01231. Accessed / Read on Oct 5 2022.

Google Earth imagery used in this video: ©Google & Data Providers

Thumbnail Photo Credit: Derivative of an image, "Lakagigar", (resized, cropped, + other modifications) from (emmanueleragne, User: Manu, Flickr, CC BY 2.0), [ Ссылка ], and is used & licensed under CC BY 2.0 by Youtube.com/GeologyHub

0:00 Grimsvotn Volcano Update
0:11 Ice Sheet Subsidence
0:58 Jökulhlaup
2:57 Jökulhlaups since 2011
3:12 Recent Eruptions
3:49 Conclusion

Sources:
[1] Iceland Met Office
[2] Global Volcanism Program, 2013. Volcanoes of the World, v. 4.11.2 (02 Sep 2022). Venzke, E (ed.). Smithsonian Institution. Downloaded 12 Oct 2022. [ Ссылка ].
[3] Global Volcanism Program, 2013. Grimsvotn (373010) in Volcanoes of the World, v. 4.11.2 (02 Sep 2022). Venzke, E (ed.). Smithsonian Institution. Downloaded 12 Oct 2022 ([ Ссылка ]). [ Ссылка ]
[4] Global Volcanism Program, 2022. Report on Grimsvotn (Iceland) (Crafford, A.E., and Venzke, E., eds.). Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network, 47:3. Smithsonian Institution.
[5] Global Volcanism Program, 2021. Report on Grimsvotn (Iceland). In: Sennert, S K (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, 1 September-7 September 2021. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
[6] Global Volcanism Program, 2016. Report on Grimsvotn (Iceland). In: Sennert, S K (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, 7 September-13 September 2016. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
[7] Global Volcanism Program, 2015. Report on Grimsvotn (Iceland). In: Sennert, S K (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, 30 September-6 October 2015. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
[8] Global Volcanism Program, 2016. Report on Grimsvotn (Iceland). In: Sennert, S K (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, 22 June-28 June 2016. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
[9] Global Volcanism Program, 2014. Report on Grimsvotn (Iceland). In: Sennert, S K (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, 15 January-21 January 2014. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
[10] Lucas Lilian C., Albright John A., Gregg Patricia M., Zhan Yan, The Impact of Ice Caps on the Mechanical Stability of Magmatic Systems: Implications for Forecasting on Human Timescales, Frontiers in Earth Science, VOLUME=10, YEAR=2022, URL=[ Ссылка ], DOI=10.3389/feart.2022.868569, ISSN=2296-6463, CC BY 4.0
[11] Stevenson, J.A., Loughlin, S.C., Font, A. et al. UK monitoring and deposition of tephra from the May 2011 eruption of Grímsvötn, Iceland. J Appl. Volcanol. 2, 3 (2013). [ Ссылка ], CC BY 2.0
[12] U.S. Geological Survey, EarthWord: Fumarole, [ Ссылка ]

Creative Commons Licenses used for specific content (such as a single image within the video which as a whole does not entirely fall under the same license) or sections of specific content (such as a photo within a table) in this video (not the entire table for this example):
CC0 1.0: [ Ссылка ]
CC BY 2.0: [ Ссылка ]
CC BY 4.0: [ Ссылка ]

свернуть