Your most recent weeks have been filled with pleasant excitement, an overabundance of love and unfortunately with a lot of vomiting. That is how I picture a pregnant woman with morning sickness must be feeling.

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Morning sickness consists out of nausea, vomiting and feeling sick during your pregnancy. It is often triggered by smelling certain odors or eating certain foods. Despite the name, morning sickness can occur at any time of the day or night.

How is morning sickness caused?
The exact cause is unknown, but it is thought that hormone changes play a role. Especially the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin.

Potential risk factors:
- Being pregnant with twins or other multiples
- Being pregnant with a girl
- Experiencing frequent nausea or vomiting before your pregnancy
- Having an eating disorder
- Being obese
- If you had morning sickness or hyperemesis gravidarum during a prior pregnancy

Complications and risks:
First of all mild nausea and vomiting usually won't cause harm. However, severe nausea and vomiting can cause malnutrition and dehydration. This severe type or morning sickness is called Hyperemesis gravidarum.

When should you contact your doctor?
- Do you have very dark-coloured pee or weren't you able to pee at all for more than 8 hours?
- Are you unable to keep food or fluids down for 24 hours?
- Do you feel weak, dizzy or faint when standing up?
- Do you have abdominal pain, a high temperature, do you vomit blood, do you have weight loss, is your heart racing?

- Disclaimer: this video and the comments are meant purely informational! This is not medical advice! If you are looking for medical advice always contact your own doctor. -

Literature:
1: NHS. (2021). Vomiting and morning sickness. NHS.
2: Mayo clinic staff. (2022). Morning sickness. Mayo Clinic
3: McParlin C. O'Donnell A. Robson SC. Beyer F. Moloney E. Bryant A. et al. (2016). Treatments for Hyperemesis Gravidarum and Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review. JAMA. 316 (13): 1392–1401.
4: Jueckstock JK. Kaestner R. Mylonas I. (2010). Managing hyperemesis gravidarum: a multimodal challenge. BMC Medicine. 8: 46.

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