Robert James Moon (February 14, 1911 – November 1, 1989) was an American physicist, chemist and engineer. An important figure in 20th century nuclear science, he was involved in America's wartime Manhattan Project. He pioneered work on the fundamental structure of the atomic nucleus based on the 5 Platonic solids.
In the 1930s, Moon built one of the first cyclotrons in the world, with many improvements over the device built by Ernest Lawrence. After the war, he constructed the first scanning X-ray microscope which changed the face of science.
He also pioneered in optical biophysics studies on the action potential in nerves.

Moon Model
In the 1984–1986 period, Moon came up with his proposal for a geometric ordering of protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus based on nested Platonic solids. This "Moon Model", was inspired by Johannes Kepler’s conception of the solar system, as described in Kepler's work Mysterium Cosmographicum. The model is also inspired by the discovery by von Klitzing of the quantum Hall effect, leading Moon to believe that space itself is quantized, and that the nucleons are positioned at discrete locations, i.e. at the vertices of a set of nested platonic solids.

How the Model Works
In Moon’s “Keplerian atom,” the 92 protons of the naturally occurring elements are determined by two identical sets of nested solids each containing 46 vertices.
Moon’s proposed arrangement is as follows:
Two pairs of regular Platonic solids, the cube-octahedron pair and the icosahedron-dodecahedron pair, may be called duals: one will fit inside the other such that its vertices fit centrally on the faces of the other, each fitting perfectly inside a sphere whose surface is thus perfectly and symmetrically divided by the vertices (Figure 4). The tetrahedron is dual unto itself and therefore plays a different role.
The four dual solids may be arranged in a nested sequence: cube, octahedron, icosahedron, dodecahedron – such that the sum of the vertices is 46:
Cube = 8, Octahedron = 6, Icosahedron = 12, Dodecahedron = 20, Total = 46

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