Welcome to Immunize.org’s Ask the Experts resources. This Ask the Experts question is presented by Immunize.org’s Kelly L. Moore, MD, MPH.
Question: What are the recommendations for the use of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine?
Answer:
HPV vaccine protects recipients against infection with nine different types of human papillomavirus that are the most common causes of HPV-associated cancers in men and women, in addition to genital warts. CDC’s Recommended Immunization Schedule calls for routine HPV vaccination to be initiated for all children at age 11 or 12 years. The schedule also notes that the HPV vaccine series may be started at age 9 years, if preferred, and should start at age 9 for any child at risk of exposure to HPV due to suspected abuse. There is no downside to beginning the series at age 9, and this option is increasingly popular, in part because starting earlier makes it easier for families and and providers to complete the series on time, before the child turns 13.
Catch-up vaccination is recommended for everyone age 13 through 26 years who has not completed the HPV vaccine series. People age 27 through 45 may choose to be vaccinated after a discussion of their personal risk for new HPV infections with their healthcare provider. In general, people age 27 through 45 years are at considerably lower risk of acquiring new infections with HPV compared to teens and young adults; however, some in this age group can benefit from vaccination.
In general, anyone who begins the HPV vaccine series before turning 15 needs only two doses, given at least 6 months apart, to complete the series. A three-dose HPV vaccine series is recommended for any person who begins the series after their 15th birthday and for any vaccine recipient, regardless of age, who is immunocompromised in a way that would reduce their response to HPV vaccination.
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