One of the most useful machineries in plastic recycling is the sink float tank which is used to separate plastics based on specific gravity. The sink float tank is filled with water (sometimes with a wetting agent) which is used as a medium to separate plastics that either sink or float.
Water has a specific gravity of 1. If a type of plastic has specific gravity less than one, it will float. On the other hand, if the specific gravity of the plastic is higher than one, it will sink.
This machine is especially useful in PET bottle recycling. This is because plastic bottles are generally composed of two to three types of plastic. These must be separated before the bottles can be properly recycled.
1. The bottle itself is made of PET.
2. The label is usually printed on PE film.
3. The bottle cap is either made of PP or PE.
Luckily, PET is a type of plastic that sinks in water while PP/PE floats. Using the sink float tank, PET can be completely separated from PP and PE plastics.
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