Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction (PTTD): Symptoms, Causes, and Management
Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) is a common foot and ankle condition that can lead to adult acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD). The posterior tibial tendon is responsible for supporting the foot's arch and ankle during movement. PTTD occurs when this tendon weakens, along with the failure of ligaments around the foot and ankle, causing the medial arch to collapse and the foot to flatten.
Symptoms of PTTD
The most common symptoms of PTTD are:
- Pain on the inside of the foot and ankle
- Swelling
- Increased pain and weakness during physical activities
- Gradual flattening of the foot
- Ankle pain due to joint impingement caused by the foot deformity
Causes of PTTD
PTTD is commonly caused by overuse and repetitive strain, although acute injuries can also lead to inflammation and pain in the tendon. Risk factors for PTTD include:
- Pre-existing flat foot
- Hypermobility
- Age of 40 or older
- Obesity
- Diabetes
- Hypertension
- Engaging in high-impact sports
Management of PTTD
The management of PTTD depends on the severity of the condition. Mild cases of PTTD may be managed with non-surgical options, such as:
- The R.I.C.E method: Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation.
- Physical therapy
- Orthotics
In more severe cases of PTTD, surgery may be necessary to repair the tendon and ligaments. If you are experiencing any of the symptoms of PTTD, please see a physician or a podiatrist for diagnosis and management.
